Review Article

The Neuroinflammatory Response in ALS: The Roles of Microglia and T Cells

Table 2

The categorization of T cells into subsets is based on cell antigenicity, cytokine profile, and effector function.

AntigenicityCytokine profileEffector function

Th1CD4+IL-2, TNF-α, IFN-γM1 macrophage activation
Th2CD4+IL-4, IL-10, IL-6, IL-13Downregulation of M1 macrophage activation
Th17CD4+IL-17M1 macrophage activation
TregCD4+CD25+FoxP3+IL-4, IL-10, TGF-βDamping of proinflammatory response
CTLCD8+TNF-α, IFN-γElimination of infected cells