Adverse Events of Antiepileptic Drugs Using Indonesian Version of Liverpool Adverse Events Profile

Table 3

Clinical characteristic and their relation to AEs (n=90).

Variables	Adverse event
	Yes	No	p	OR	95% confidence interval
	n (%)	n (%)			Lower-Upper
Gender
(i) Female	47 (94)	3 (6)	0.458	2.238	0.501 – 9.998
(ii) Male	35 (87.5)	5 (12.5)
Education
(i) Junior High School	29 (90.6)	3 (9.4)	1.000	0.829	0.155 – 4.420
(ii) Senior High School	35 (92.1)	3 (7.9)
(iii) Academy	18 (90)	2 (10)		1.296	0.198 – 8.473
Employment
(i) Employed	27 (87.1)	4 (12.9)	0.439	0.491	0.114 – 2.115
(ii) Unemployed	55 (93.2)	4 (6.8)
Marital Status
(i) Married	39 (88.6)	5 (11.4)	0.480	0.544	0.122 – 2.428
(ii) Unmarried	43 (93.5)	3 (6.5)
Epilepsy duration
(i) ≥ 8.5 years	42 (93.3)	3 (6.7)	0.714	1.750	0.392 – 7.807
(ii) < 8.5 years	40 (88.9)	5 (11.1)
Seizure frequency
(i) Uncontrolled seizure	25 (100)	0 (0)	0.100	1.140	1.041 – 1.249
(ii) Seizure free	57 (87.7)	8 (12.3)
Seizure type
(i) Focal seizure	80 (92)	7 (8)	0.246	5.714	0.459 – 71.142
(ii) Generalized seizure	2 (66.7)	1 (33.3)
Epilepsy etiology
(i) Structural	57 (91.9)	5 (8.1)	1.000	0.991	0.179 – 5.480
(ii) Unknown Etiology	23 (92)	2 (8)
(iii) Genetic	2 (66.7)	1 (33.3)		5.750	0.349 – 94.725
Epilepsy syndrome
(i) Extratemporal	33 (94.3)	2 (5.7)	0.996	1.755	0.321 – 9.601
(ii) Temporal	47 (90.4)	5 (9.6)
(iii) Generalized	2 (66.7)	1 (33.3)		4.700	0.359 – 61.497
Number of AED
(i) Polytherapy	34 (100)	0 (0)	0.022	1.167	1.048 – 1.298
(ii) Monotherapy	48 (85.7)	8 (14.3)
AED duration
(i) ≥ 1 year	66 (91.7)	6 (8.3)	0.658	1.375	0.253 – 7.459
(ii) < 1 year	16 (88.9)	2 (11.1)
Type of AED
(i) Carbamazepine	25 (86.2)	4 (13.8)	0.266	0.439	0.102 – 1.895
(ii) Levetiracetam	22 (95.7)	1 (4.3)	0.674	2.567	0.299 – 22.067
(iii) Valproic acid	21 (95.5)	1 (4.5)	0.674	2.410	0.280 – 20.754
(iv) Phenytoin	20 (100)	0 (0)	0,191	1.129	1.038 – 1.228
(v) Clobazam	17 (94.4)	1 (5.6)	1.000	1.831	0.211 – 15.911
(vi) Phenobarbital	9 (100)	0 (0)	1.000	1.110	1.032 – 1.193
(vii) Clonazepam	5 (100)	0 (0)	1,000	1.104	1.031 – 1.182
(viii) Zonisamid	1 (50)	1 (50)	0.171	0.086	0.005 – 1.535
Comorbid
(i) Yes	20 (95.2)	1 (4.8)	0.675	2.258	0.262-19.483
(ii) No	62 (89.9)	7 (10.1)

Fisher’s Exact test. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test.