(i) What are the common demographics and contributing factors for patient referrals/episodes? (ii) What are the reasons for patients seeking care? (iii) Which patient groups are denied timely access to safe health care and does this lead to deterioration of condition? (iv) What are the prominent NP interventions that are needed to address improvement in health outcomes? (v) What barriers exist for patients in improving health outcomes?
(i) What contextual health care issues (poor access to speciality care, high risk for hospitalization, need for improved coordination among providers) are or are not being addressed? (ii) What further empirical knowledge (e.g., clinical guidelines, pathways) could be applied to patient episodes? (iii) Are there ethical and value standards that are incongruent in the treatment of patients? (iv) What resources and NP interventions could address broader issues of patient referrals/episodes?
(i) Is there a need to change how NP practice is meeting contextual health issues? (ii) What capacity is there for change in practice (and/or innovation to practice?) (iii) What is the feasibility to changes in practice? (iv) What are the benefits and risks for change? (v) Who is the change likely to impact? (vi) How would impact to patient care be measured? (vii) What value would this impact have on individual patient care and health systems?
Products
Descriptive narratives, reflective data collection and includes case studies and clinical audits.
Examination of personal beliefs, assumptions, and knowledge as aligned and tested with existing scientific knowledge, analysed in terms of ethical or valued standards.
Oriented towards changing practice through recognition of discrepancies in practice and best practice, a critique of distortions, inconsistencies, and incongruences between values/beliefs and practice.
Value
Definition of common themes that are congruent with health care system needs for reform reflected in clinical practice. Objective and qualitative data collection to formulate indicators for change.
Alignment of NP values to practice of complex care cases/scenarios and in comparison to systematic incongruences in the application of practice.
Innovations to clinical practice that address the systemic indicates for poor health outcomes or inequitable healthcare provision.
