Robotics in gynecologic cancer surgery. (a) Depicted is a da Vinci robotic surgical platform used at University Hospitals of Cleveland (Cleveland, Ohio). (b) With the patient in dorsal lithotomy position and with the robot docked between the legs, an initial 12-millimeter (mm) port incision is made 40 mm cephalad to the umbilicus. Additional 8-millimeter port incisions are made following a conventional triangle arrangement. A 12-millimeter instrument port for an assistant is also made as indicated. Stereoscopic optics in the surgeon control console allows for three-dimensional viewing of the surgical field (not shown).
