Adaptive Redox Response of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells to Stimulation with Lipopolysaccharide Inflammagen: Mechanisms of Remodeling of Tissue Barriers in Sepsis

Figure 4

Confocal immunofluorescence imaging of the DAF-FM—detectable nitric oxide in MSCs challenged with LPS. (a1) Projection of adduct of DAF-FM with NO (DAF-FM-NO) (green channel) in control MSCs. (a2) Overlay of projection of DAF-FM-NO shown in (a1) and a respective DIC image. (a3) Histogram of relative fluorescence of DAF-FM-NO shown in (a1). (b1) Projection of adduct of DAF-FM-NO (green channel) in LPS-challenged MSCs. (b2) Overlay of projection of DAF-FM-NO shown in (b1) and a respective DIC image. A dramatic increase in DAF-FM-NO fluorescence occurred in the LPS-challenged MSCs. ((c1)–(c3)) Same as (b1–b3) except that LPS-challenged MSCs were treated with LNIL, an iNOS inhibitor. Suppression of DAF-FM-NO fluorescence occurred in the LPS-challenged MSCs.