The Haptoglobin-CD163-Heme Oxygenase-1 Pathway for Hemoglobin Scavenging

<table class="table-group" id="tab1"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="1"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td align="left">Intravascular HpHb complex formation:</td></tr><tr><td align="left"> Protects against oxidative “hot spot” in Hb</td></tr><tr><td align="left"> Protects against heme release from Hb</td></tr><tr><td align="left"> Facilitates CD163-mediated clearance</td></tr><tr><td align="left"> Prevents renal filtration of Hb and uptake in proximal tubules</td></tr><tr><td align="left"> Prevents NO scavenging</td></tr><tr><td align="left">Cellular response on CD163-mediated Hb endocytosis:</td></tr><tr><td align="left"> Cellular differentiation</td></tr><tr><td align="left"> HO-1 upregulation</td></tr><tr><td align="left"> Nrf-2 activation</td></tr><tr><td align="left"> IL-10 synthesis</td></tr><tr><td align="left">Other effects of heme metabolites generated by HO-1 activity:</td></tr><tr><td align="left"> Antagonism of proinflammatory cytokines</td></tr><tr><td align="left"> ROS scavenging</td></tr><tr><td align="left"> Angiogenesis</td></tr><tr><td align="left"> Inhibition of platelet aggregation</td></tr><tr><td align="left"> Vasodilatation</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="1"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

Major reported cytoprotective and antiinflammatory effects of the Hp-CD163-HO-1 pathway.

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Table 1

Table 1: The Haptoglobin-CD163-Heme Oxygenase-1 Pathway for Hemoglobin Scavenging 