The Effect of Preoperative Melatonin on Nuclear Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 Activation in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery

Table 2

The plasma levels of Melatonin and the intracellular levels of Nrf2 in different sampling session during the study.

Variable/sampling time	Group I (Melatonin)	Group II (placebo)	𝑃^†	𝑃^‡
Melatonin, pg/mL
𝑇1	2.11 ± 1.06	1.63 ± 0.88	NS	0.008 (Group I)
𝑇2	15.2 ± 4.6	1.1 ± 0.59	<0.001	NS (Group II)
NRF2/protein total
𝑇3	0.2819 ± 0.15	0.2092 ± 0.07	<0.05	NS (Group I)
𝑇4	0.2693 ± 0.09	0.1998 ± 0.04	<0.01	NS (Group II)

*Data are presented as the mean ± SD. Sampling times were before the administration of Melatonin or placebo (𝑇1), operation, after one-month administration of Melatonin or placebo (𝑇2) before the aortic cross-clamp was placed (𝑇3), and 45 minutes (𝑇4) after the operation.
^†𝑃 values for the difference between groups I and II at the same time point.
^‡𝑃 values determined by paired 𝑡-test for differences at consecutive time points between groups.