Vernonia condensata Baker (Asteraceae): A Promising Source of Antioxidants
Table 3
Concentration of MDA in mmol/L in the TBA test with ethanol extract and fractions from Vernonia condensata leaves.
Plant extract/chemical
Concentration (mg/mL)
MDA concentration (mmol/L)
Day 0
Day 1
Day 2
Day 3
Day 4
Control
—
0.29 ± 0.01A
0.39 ± 0.05A
0.46 ± 0.02A
0.95 ± 0.01
1.33 ± 0.01
BHT
7.5
0.43 ± 0.01
0.68 ± 0.03
0.60 ± 0.06
0.18 ± 0.01
0.20 ± 0.01
15
0.17 ± 0.02
0.43 ± 0.02A
0.36 ± 0.01A
0.17 ± 0.01
0.17 ± 0.01
30
0.18 ± 0.01A
0.18 ± 0.01
0.20 ± 0.01
0.15 ± 0.01
0.14 ± 0.01
Ethanol extract (EE)
7.5
0.61 ± 0.01
0.32 ± 0.01A
0.67 ± 0.01
0.49 ± 0.01
0.45 ± 0.01
15
1.04 ± 0.01
0.56 ± 0.03
0.40 ± 0.01A
0.48 ± 0.02
0.46 ± 0.01
30
0.57 ± 0.07
0.68 ± 0.01
0.25 ± 0.01
0.42 ± 0.04
0.43 ± 0.03
Hexane fraction (HF)
7.5
0.17 ± 0.01
0.42 ± 0.01A
0.48 ± 0.01A
0.68 ± 0.03
0.71 ± 0.04
15
0.38 ± 0.01A
0.43 ± 0.03A
0.47 ± 0.01A
0.55 ± 0.01
0.65 ± 0.01
30
0.32 ± 0.04A
0.56 ± 0.01
0.46 ± 0.01A
0.61 ± 0.01
0.73 ± 0.01
Dichloromethane fraction (DF)
7.5
0.18 ± 0.01
0.21 ± 0.01
0.37 ± 0.01
0.39 ± 0.01
0.35 ± 0.01
15
0.21 ± 0.01A
0.20 ± 0.01
0.44 ± 0.01A
0.42 ± 0.01
0.27 ± 0.01
30
0.28 ± 0.01A
0.20 ± 0.07
0.38 ± 0.01A
0.36 ± 0.00
0.38 ± 0.01
Ethyl acetate fraction (EF)
7.5
0.26 ± 0.01A
0.39 ± 0.01A
0.59 ± 0.01
0.18 ± 0.01
0.54 ± 0.01
15
0.26 ± 0.01
0.25 ± 0.01A
0.37 ± 0.01A
0.35 ± 0.01
0.34 ± 0.01
30
0.28 ± 0.01A
0.28 ± 0.01
0.20 ± 0.01
0.19 ± 0.01
0.18 ± 0.01
Butanol fraction (BF)
7.5
0.33 ± 0.01
0.75 ± 0.01A
0.46 ± 0.02A
0.57 ± 0.01
0.38 ± 0.01
15
0.34 ± 0.01A
1.21 ± 0.01
0.57 ± 0.01
0.69 ± 0.01
0.36 ± 0.03
30
0.17 ± 0.01
0.64 ± 0.01
0.52 ± 0.01A
0.64 ± 0.01
0.42 ± 0.01
Each value in the table is represented as mean S.E.M. (). Capital letter (A) in the same column, means do not differ (P < 0.05) when compared to the control group.