Research Article

Examining the Impact of Skin Lighteners In Vitro

Table 1

Summary of gene expression indicated by ratio of medians for three skin lightening agents, Hydroquinone (0.0001%), kojic acid (0.01%), and niacinamide (0.01%) looking at tyrosinase (TYR), cytochrome c oxidase-1 (COX1), melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R), and ferritin (FTH1) expression. Ratios of medians higher than 1.3 typically indicate a statistically significant upregulation of the gene. Values less than 0.7 typically demonstrate a statistically significant downregulation of the gene.

Gene symbolHydroquinoneKojic acidNiacinamide

TYR1.5281.612.219
COX12.5382.2352.696
MC1R0.4380.7160.879
FTH12.9992.1332.92