Vitamin A and Retinoids as Mitochondrial Toxicants

Table 2

Summary of in vivo effects of subacute vitamin A supplementation on mitochondrial function parameters.

Sample	Complexes I–III	Complexes II-III	Complexes II + SDH	Complex IV	Reference
Cerebral cortex	Not measured	Not measured	Not measured	Not measured	—
Cerebellum		Unaltered	Unaltered		[76]
Substantia nigra				Unaltered	[67]
Striatum		Unaltered	Unaltered		[67]
Hypothalamus		Unaltered	Unaltered		[68]
Frontal cortex		Unaltered	Unaltered	Unaltered	[69, 70]
Hippocampus		Unaltered	Unaltered		[70, 71]
Liver					[72, 73]
Heart				Not measured	[74]
Lung				Not measured	[75]

Adult male rats were treated with vitamin A supplementation (1,000–9,000 IU/kg/day) subacutely (see text for details).