Reactive Oxygen Species in Planarian Regeneration: An Upstream Necessity for Correct Patterning and Brain Formation

Figure 9

In situ hybridizations of anterior (smed-notum and smed-sfrp-1) and posterior (smed-wnt-1 and smed-fz-4) markers at different time points during regeneration after DPI exposure. (a) The expression of anterior markers smed-notum and smed-sfrp-1 in regenerating head, trunk, and tail fragments at different time points during regeneration. Posterior expression of smed-notum was observed after DPI exposure (3 μM) at 1 DPA in both head ( = 3/5) and trunk fragments ( = 3/6). At 7 DPA, an increased expression of both smed-notum and smed-sfrp-1 was observed in anterior blastemas of the DPI-exposed trunk and tail fragments in comparison to the control animals. Differences in gene expression are indicated with red arrow heads. Scale bar: 500 μm. (b) The expression of posterior markers smed-wnt-1 and smed-fz-4 in regenerating head, trunk, and tail fragments at different time points during regeneration. Increased expressions of smed-wnt-1 and smed-fz-4 were observed at 7 DPA in DPI-exposed trunk and tail fragments (3 μM) in comparison to control animals. Differences in gene expression are indicated with red arrow heads. Scale bar: 500 μm.

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