Dietary Supplementation with the Microalga Galdieria sulphuraria (Rhodophyta) Reduces Prolonged Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress in Rat Tissues

Figure 5

Effect of prolonged exercise and G. sulphuraria treatment on the rates of H₂O₂ release by rat liver, heart, and skeletal muscle mitochondria in State 4 and State 3 of respiration, in the presence of succinate or pyruvate plus malate, as respiratory substrates. Values are mean ± S.E.M. For each value eight rats were used. Mitochondrial H₂O₂ release rate is expressed as pmol min⁻¹ per mg of mitochondrial protein. S: sedentary untreated rats; SG: sedentary G. sulphuraria treated rats; E: exercised untreated rats; EG: exercised G. sulphuraria treated rats. Significant difference for exercised rats versus respective sedentary controls; significant difference for G. sulphuraria treated animals versus respective untreated controls. The level of significance was chosen as .