The Effects of Age and Latent Cytomegalovirus Infection on NK-Cell Phenotype and Exercise Responsiveness in Man

Table 2

Exercise-induced changes in NK-cell subset numbers in healthy adult males ( = 20; = 20) contrasted by CMV serostatus and age. CMV^pos and CMV^neg participants are denoted by + and −, respectively. Main and interaction effects for CMV, age, and time are reported with significance connoted by ( < 0.05). Statistical differences from pre- and 1 h post-values are described by # and ∧, respectively ( < 0.05). Data are mean ± SD.

NK-Cell subsets	CMV status	Pre-values	Post-values	1 h post-values	Main effects; statistic ( value)			Interactions; statistic ( value)
					Time	Age	CMV	Time × Age	Time × CMV	Age × CMV	Time × Age × CMV
Total NK-cells/L			#∧	#	157.7 (<0.001)	2.6 (0.108)	5.7 (0.019)	0.6 (0.557)	4.7 (0.019)	1.3 (0.252)	1.0 (0.357)
Younger; (23–39 yrs)	−	166 ± 96	785 ± 337	130 ± 117
	+	181 ± 97	595 ± 360	128 ± 84
Older; (50–64 yrs)	−	223 ± 56	987 ± 182	142 ± 57
	+	189 ± 85	666 ± 242	153 ± 69
CD56dim (cells/L)			#∧	#	157.1 (<0.001)	2.8 (0.085)	5.6 (0.020)	0.7 (0.518)	4.7 (0.018)	1.7 (0.197)	1.1 (0.333)
Younger; (23–39 yrs)	−	147 ± 91	738 ± 325	106 ± 100
	+	162 ± 94	556 ± 357	112 ± 82
Older; (50–64 yrs)	−	205 ± 58	942 ± 184	125 ± 57
	+	176 ± 79	631 ± 217	135 ± 54
CD56 bright (cells/L)			#∧		25.2 (<0.001)	1.1 (0.291)	2.5 (0.114)	<0.1 (0.999)	0.4 (0.687)	<0.1 (0.834)	0.5 (0.636)
Younger; (23–39 yrs)	−	19 ± 12	47 ± 27	24 ± 22
	+	19 ± 9	39 ± 15	16 ± 7
Older; (50–64 yrs)	−	18 ± 9	45 ± 23	17 ± 6
	+	13 ± 10	35 ± 31	18 ± 15
KLRG1+ (cells/L)			#∧		72.6 (<0.001)	0.1 (0.773)	2.1 (0.153)	0.1 (0.929)	1.1 (0.335)	0.1 (0.788)	0.1 (0.948)
Younger; (23–39 yrs)	−	98 ± 76	493 ± 240	80 ± 73
	+	84 ± 70	334 ± 284	56 ± 64
Older; (50–64 yrs)	−	111 ± 45	481 ± 149	78 ± 13
	+	95 ± 64	398 ± 198	69 ± 44
CD57+ (cells/L)			#∧		98.5 (<0.001)	5.3 (0.023)	5.2 (0.024)	1.7 (0.196)	2.5 (0.084)	2.7 (0.105)	1.0 (0.360)
Younger; (23–39 yrs)	−	63 ± 39	335 ± 190	53 ± 49
	+	74 ± 48	310 ± 184	50 ± 32
Older; (50–64 yrs)	−	125 ± 29	578 ± 146	87 ± 29
	+	110 ± 46	453 ± 109	80 ± 29
CD158a+ (cells/L)			#∧		50.7 (<0.001)	0.9 (0.349)	2.7 (0.103)	0.3 (0.717)	1.3 (0.284)	0.2 (0.698)	<0.1 (0.980)
Younger; (23–39 yrs)	−	40 ± 25	228 ± 191	31 ± 34
	+	40 ± 20	179 ± 87	28 ± 19
Older; (50-64 yrs)	−	51 ± 37	277 ± 91	32 ± 28
	+	25 ± 16	119 ± 97	17 ± 15
CD8+ (cells/L)			#∧		79.4 (<0.001)	8.4 (0.004)	1.2 (0.269)	2.7 (0.069)	1.7 (0.193)	4.8 (0.031)	3.0 (0.052)
Younger; (23–39 yrs)	−	51 ± 35	184 ± 126	45 ± 46
	+	61 ± 37	210 ± 94	42 ± 28
Older; (50–64 yrs)	−	94 ± 36	406 ± 159	62 ± 21
	+	62 ± 43	200 ± 75	39 ± 22