Nigella sativa Relieves the Altered Insulin Receptor Signaling in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats Fed with a High-Fat Diet

Table 3

BGL, AI, AAI, insulin, HOMA-IR, and HOMA-β values after 21-day treatment with NSO, reference drugs, and I-OMe-AG538. Values are expressed as mean ± SE (). Significance: , , and compared to control.

Studied groups	BGL (mg/dL)	AI	AAI (%)	Insulin (µIU/mL)	HOMA-IR (mg/dL)	HOMA-β (%)
Control	75.53 ± 1.22	1.70 ± 0.06	142.63 ± 20.08	11.59 ± 1.76	2.16 ± 0.89	33.299 ± 0.908
DMSO	116.07 ± 2.66	1.42 ± 0.04	138.58 ± 2.25	45.00 ± 0.68	12.90 ± 0.76	30.526 ± 1.301
Diabetic	581.31 ± 36.31	16.82 ± 1.25	6.32 ± 0.56	101.59 ± 5.78	145.82 ± 1.43	7.056 ± 0.512
NSO	95.70 ± 1.89	1.15 ± 0.30	676.37 ± 37.56	41.10 ± 1.87	9.71 ± 1.25	45.248 ± 0.456
MET	56.37 ± 0.61	1.73 ± 0.22	137.40 ± 12.45	30.34 ± 1.26	4.22 ± 0.67	−164.742 ± 0.636
GLI	57.62 ± 1.46	1.71 ± 0.09	141.03 ± 9.08	31.77 ± 1.42	4.52 ± 0.45	−212.587 ± 0.123
NSO-MET	101.67 ± 3.05	1.56 ± 0.36	179.13 ± 15.06	37.73 ± 0.60	9.47 ± 0.83	35.125 ± 1.086
NSO-GLI	110.16 ± 1.84	1.65 ± 0.19	153.55 ± 10.12	36.44 ± 0.75	9.91 ± 1.26	27.817 ± 0.978
Diabetic, NSO	142.76 ± 16.94	1.00 ± 0.06	23147.62 ± 42.96	127.86 ± 1.27	45.07 ± 0.66	57.710 ± 0.805
Diabetic, MET	265.23 ± 20.67	5.72 ± 1.45	21.18 ± 1.08	54.03 ± 2.45	35.42 ± 0.56	9.618 ± 0.526
Diabetic, GLI	359.94 ± 17.29	3.78 ± 1.26	35.96 ± 8.45	74.47 ± 5.39	66.18 ± 1.47	9.028 ± 0.538
Diabetic, NSO-MET	112.46 ± 3.94	1.42 ± 0.05	240.83 ± 16.85	90.80 ± 2.70	25.21 ± 0.98	66.09 ± 1.123
Diabetic, NSO-GLI	106.62 ± 3.79	1.41 ± 0.89	245.85 ± 8.03	76.11 ± 0.86	20.04 ± 0.89	62.814 ± 0.907
IOMe 2	124.59 ± 3.26	1.73 ± 0.30	137.89 ± 6.02	42.80 ± 1.18	13.17 ± 0.45	25.017 ± 0.625
Diabetic, IOMe 2	224.62 ± 4.29	12.54 ± 2.85	8.67 ± 1.25	63.54 ± 3.38	35.24 ± 0.47	14.153 ± 0.925
IOMe 2-NSO	94.26 ± 1.43	1.42 ± 0.09	236.49 ± 4.56	5.49 ± 2.16	1.28 ± 0.56	6.322 ± 0.347
Diabetic, IOMe 2-NSO	113.54 ± 1.83	1.52 ± 0.35	191.68 ± 8.47	62.56 ± 1.59	17.54 ± 1.49	44.562 ± 0.908