Mitochondrial Epigenetic Changes Link to Increased Diabetes Risk and Early-Stage Prediabetes Indicator

Figure 4

Changes in mitochondrial DNA methylation and insulin sensitivity versus different levels of diabetes risk factor (BMI) or different stages of disease progression. (a) ND6 methylation showed significant correlation with BMI; . (b) D-loop methylation showed significant correlation with BMI; . (c) ND6 methylation increased drastically from low-risk (20 < BMI < 24.9; ) to high-risk (30 < BMI < 34.9; ) stages, with no further significant changes during advanced progression (BMI > 35; ). (d) D-loop methylation increased drastically from low-risk (20 < BMI < 24.9; ) to high-risk (30 < BMI < 34.9; ) stages, with no further significant changes during advanced progression (BMI > 35). (e) HOMA-IR increased drastically from low-risk (20 < BMI < 24.9; ) to high-risk (30 < BMI < 34.9; ) stages and underwent a second significant elevation during advanced progression (from 35 < BMI < 39.9 to BMI > 40; and 8, resp.). (f) As an alternative index of insulin resistance, FI increased drastically from low-risk (20 < BMI < 24.9; ) to high-risk (30 < BMI < 34.9; ) stages and underwent a second significant elevation during advanced progression (from 35 < BMI < 39.9 to BMI > 40; and 8, resp.). ; ; ; ns: not significant. Red color indicates the dramatic changes in a parameter.

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