Training Enhances Immune Cells Mitochondrial Biosynthesis, Fission, Fusion, and Their Antioxidant Capabilities Synergistically with Dietary Docosahexaenoic Supplementation

Table 2

Effects of training and DHA supplementation on mitochondrial dynamics protein levels of PBMCs.

		Initial	Final	ANOVA
PGC-1α (%)	Placebo			100 ± 15	152 ± 22		X
	Experimental	65.3 ± 5.9	152 ± 29
NRF-1 (%)	Placebo	100 ± 19	148 ± 9		X
	Experimental	59.5 ± 14.7	158 ± 23
Tfam (%)	Placebo	100 ± 14	154 ± 24		X	X
	Experimental	78.8 ± 23.7	231 ± 15
Mfn-1 (%)	Placebo	100 ± 22	129 ± 15	X	X	X
	Experimental	92.6 ± 17	250 ± 26
Mfn-2 (%)	Placebo	100 ± 19	98.9 ± 11.9	X	X	X
	Experimental	108 ± 33	203 ± 29
OPA-1 (%)	Placebo	100 ± 23	217 ± 84		X
	Experimental	134 ± 19	218 ± 25
OMA-1 (%)	Placebo	100 ± 11	163 ± 25		X	X
	Experimental	64.8 ± 13.7	219 ± 17
FIS-1 (%)	Placebo	100 ± 15	88.0 ± 27.4
	Experimental	115 ± 16	125 ± 16

Statistical analysis: two-way ANOVA, . () significant effect of time of training, () significant effect of supplementation, () significant interaction between both factors. One-way ANOVA, . () significant differences between placebo and experimental, () significant differences between initial and final training period. When interaction exists between different groups, distinct letters (a, b, and c) reveal significant differences with respect to all other groups.