Research Article
Glutathione as a Biomarker in Parkinson’s Disease: Associations with Aging and Disease Severity
Table 2
Measures of brain, blood, and urine redox status in individuals with Parkinson’s disease.
| | | CNS uptake | Phase 2b baseline | Combined | | | | | |
| | Brain Glu concentrations | | | | | MRS Glu : creatine ratio (putamen) () | 0.026 (.018) | .030 (.017) | .028 (.017) | | Whole blood | | | | | Total GSH (micromol/L) () | 1027.64 (279.15) | 1076.02 (311.85) | 1063.71 (302.08) | | RBC % GSSG | 0.96% | — | — | | Serum | | | | | Sulfate (mg/dL) () | 3.83 (.62) | 3.60 (.70) | 3.66 (.69) | | Cysteine (mg/dL) () | .69 (.12) | .70 (.11) | .70 (.11) | | Cystine (mg/dL) () | 2.78 (.34) | 2.66 (.43) | 2.69 (.41) | | Lipid peroxides (micromol/L) | 6.95 (2.49) | 6.52 (1.87) | 6.63 (2.03) | | Total antioxidant capacity (mmol/L) | 0.78 (0.07) | 0.75 (0.084) | 0.76 (0.08) | | Urine | | | | | Lipid peroxides (micromol/g cre) | 8.43 (1.92) | 8.14 (2.34) | 8.22 (2.22) | | 8-OHdG (mcg/g creatinine) () | 9.86 (1.99) | 9.92 (9.99) | 9.91 (8.60) | | Enzyme activity, whole blood | | | | | Glu peroxidase (GPX) (U/g Hb) | 34.64 (7.94) | 31.55 (6.80) | 32.34 (7.16) | | Superoxide dismutase (U/g Hb) | 11189 (4463) | 14622 (4189) | 13748 (4481) |
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