Research Article

Protective Effects of Oral Astaxanthin Nanopowder against Ultraviolet-Induced Photokeratitis in Mice

Figure 5

Immunofluorescent analysis of NF-κB nuclear translocation. (a) UVB irradiation induces NF-κB translocation into the nucleus. NF-κB (red) remained in the cytoplasm in naïve mice, while nano-AST (50 mg/kg) treatment markedly reduced translocalization (pink) of NF-κB in the nuclei (blue). Obtained immunohistochemistry data do not indicate significant signal change in AST oil-, lutein-, or bilberry extract-treated groups. Scale bar = 25 μm. (b) For analysis, mean values of NF-κB-positive cells were assessed. Numbers of NF-κB-positive cells were significantly reduced in the nano-AST group relative to other irradiated groups (). (eyes) per group. n.s., ;
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