Sulforaphane Protects against High Cholesterol-Induced Mitochondrial Bioenergetics Impairments, Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress and Preserves Pancreatic β-Cells Function

Figure 4

SFN prevents lipid peroxidation in Min6 cells exposed to cholesterol and induces the expression of genes related to antioxidant enzymes. (a) Oxidative stress was determined by measuring lipid oxidation using TBARS Assay Kit in Min6 cells incubated for 6 h with 320 µM of cholesterol and/or 10 µM of SFN or ES. Values are expressed as nmol of MDA/mg of protein. Gene expression of (b) Hmox-1, (c) Gclc, and (d) Sod1 in Min6 cells treated for 20 h with of 320 µM cholesterol and/or 10 µM of SFN or ES was evaluated. Values are expressed as relative fold expression of two housekeeping genes (Table 2). Values are expressed as mean ± SEM, from three independent culture preparations, each treatment performed in quadruplicate. All two-ways ANOVAs and Bonferroni post-tests. Values with different superscript letters indicate significant differences between groups. Chol: cholesterol; SFN: sulforaphane; ES; 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid; MDA: malondialdehyde; Hmox-1: heme oxygenase-1; Gclc; glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit; and Sod1: Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase.

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