Differential Regulation of Cardiac Function and Intracardiac Cytokines by Rapamycin in Healthy and Diabetic Rats
Table 2
Summary of 2D M-Mode, pulse wave, and tissue Doppler echo measurements on 20-week-old ZL-C and ZO-C and Rapamycin-treated (ZL-Rap and ZO-Rap) rats. Values are mean ± SE. Numbers in parentheses are sample sizes. ZL-C versus ZO-C; ZO-C versus ZO-Rap; ZL-C versus ZL-Rap; ZL-Rap versus ZO-Rap.
Parameter
Main effect
value
ZL-C (4)
ZL-R (4)
ZO-C (4)
ZO-R (4)
HR
Strain
0.019
360 ± 16
389 ± 12
349 ± 10
Treatment
0.441
Interaction
0.114
SWTd, cm
Strain
0.001
0.15 ± 0.00
0.15 ± 0.00
0.17 ± 0.01
Treatment
0.147
Interaction
0.308
PWTd, cm
Strain
0.004
0.16 ± 0.00
0.17 ± 0.00
0.19 ± 0.01
Treatment
0.116
Interaction
0.734
LVIDd, cm
Strain
0.757
0.73 ± 0.02
0.67 ± 0.02
0.74 ± 0.01
0.65 ± 0.03
Treatment
0.003
Interaction
0.597
RWT
Strain
0.001
0.42 ± 0.01
0.48 ± 0.02
0.48 ± 0.02
Treatment
0.001
Interaction
0.163
LA, cm
Strain
0.040
0.28 ± 0.01
0.31 ± 0.03
0.40 ± 0.03
0.29 ± 0.03
Treatment
0.135
Interaction
0.017
E′, m·s−1
Strain
0.001
0.078 ± 0.014
0.123 ± 0.009
0.060 ± 0.007
Treatment
0.037
Interaction
0.016
E/E′
Strain
0.013
16.2 ± 3.3
9.5 ± 1.2
19.8 ± 3.7
Treatment
0.340
Interaction
0.152
E′/A′
Strain
0.016
1.20 ± 0.25
2.48 ± 0.32
1.09 ± 0.18
Treatment
0.025
Interaction
0.036
Vp
Strain
0.011
65 ± 6
63 ± 4
53 ± 7
Treatment
0.256
Interaction
0.465
E/Vp
Strain
0.024
1.78 ± 0.20
1.83 ± 0.08
2.26 ± 0.48
2.70 ± 0.17
Treatment
0.374
Interaction
471
IVRT
Strain
0.001
19 ± 1.7
16.7 ± 0.6
26.0 ± 1.1
Treatment
0.919
Interaction
0.100
MPI
Strain
0.005
0.41 ± 0.03
0.38 ± 0.01
0.48 ± 0.03
0.48 ± 0.03
Treatment
0.487
Interaction
0.553
HR, heart rate; SWTd, septal wall thickness-diastole; PWTd, posterior wall thickness-diastole; LVIDd, LV inner dimension-diastole; RWT, relative wall thickness; LA, left atrial diameter; E, velocity of early mitral flow; E′, peak velocity of septal annulus; E/E′ index of LA filling pressure; Vp, flow propogation velocity; E/Vp, index of LV filling pressure; IVRT, isovolumic relaxation time; MPI, myocardial performance index.
