Antibacterial, Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant, and Antiproliferative Properties of Essential Oils from Hairy and Normal Roots of Leonurus sibiricus L. and Their Chemical Composition
Table 1
Constituents of essential oils from NR and HR Leonurus sibiricus root.
Peak number
Constituent
NR
HR
Class of compounds
(1)
Hexanal
771
770
0.4
0.3
O
(2)
Hexanol
841
837
t
0.1
O
(3)
Heptanal
879
879
0.2
0.1
O
(4)
Benzaldehyde
936
941
t
t
O
(5)
-Pinene
930
936
3.2
1.0
MH
(6)
Oct-1-en-3-one
952
956
0.3
0.3
O
(7)
Oct-1-en-3-ol
961
962
3.5
3.6
O
(8)
-Pinene
972
978
0.5
0.1
MH
(9)
Pentylfuran
975
977
0.9
0.8
O
(10)
Octan-3-ol
983
981
t
0.2
O
(11)
Myrcene
982
987
0.4
0.1
MH
(12)
Phenylacetaldehyde
1009
1012
t
t
O
(13)
p-Cymene
1011
1015
0.1
t
MH
(14)
-Phellandrene
1019
1023
0.1
t
MH
(15)
Limonene
1022
1025
0.9
0.3
MH
(16)
(Z)--Ocimene
1028
1029
0.6
t
MH
(17)
(E)-Oct-2-enal
1032
1034
—
0.1
O
(18)
(E)--Ocimene
1038
1141
0.2
0.1
O
(19)
p-Cymenene
1072
1075
0.1
t
MH
(20)
Terpinolene
1078
1082
0.1
0.0
MH
(21)
Nonanal
1072
1176
0.3
0.5
O
(22)
Linalool
1083
1186
0.5
0.4
MO
(23)
Menthone
1132
1136
0.1
0.1
MO
(24)
(E)-Non-2-enal
1135
1139
0.3
0.4
O
(25)
Nonanol
1147
1149
t
t
MO
(26)
Borneol
1148
1150
t
0.1
O
(27)
p-Cymen-9-ol
1156
1157
0.1
0.1
MO
(28)
Terpinen-4-ol
1157
1158
0.5
0.1
MO
(29)
Methyl salicylate
1168
1171
0.1
0.1
O
(30)
α-Terpineol
1171
1176
0.3
0.2
MO
(31)
Safranal
1176
1182
0.0
0.1
MO
(32)
Decanal
1181
1180
0.4
0.7
O
(33)
β-Cyclocitral
1192
1195
0.1
0.1
MO
(34)
Trans-chrysanthenyl acetate
1213
1217
0.1
0.1
MO
(35)
Thymol
1255
1267
0.3
0.6
MO
(36)
Decanol
1260
1264
—
0.1
O
(37)
Bornylacetate
1266
1270
0.1
0.1
MO
(38)
Undecanal
1285
1290
0.1
0.2
O
(39)
(2E,4E)-Deca-2,4-dienal
1286
1291
0.1
0.1
O
(40)
Bicycloelemene
1336
1338
1.7
3.0
SH
(41)
β-Damascenone
1361
1363
0.5
0.9
O
(42)
α-Ylangene
1373
1376
0.3
t
SH
(43)
-Copaene
1376
1379
0.4
5.0
SH
(44)
β-Bourbonene
1383
1386
0.2
3.0
SH
(45)
β-Elemene
1389
1389
1.7
0.5
SH
(46)
Myli-4(15)-ene
1411
1418
6.4
0.5
SH
(47)
(E)- -Caryophyllene
1419
1421
7.3
22.6
SH
(48)
β-Duprezianene
1427
1423
0.7
1.1
SH
(49)
α-Guaiene
1443
1440
1.6
—
SH
(50)
Isogermacrene D
1447
1445
—
0.2
SH
(51)
(E)-β-Farnesene
1447
1448
—
0.1
SH
(52)
α-Humulene
1452
1455
2.2
3.3
SH
(53)
β-Ionone
1465
1468
0.2
0.5
O
(54)
γ-Gurjunene
1469
1472
0.5
—
SH
(55)
Selina-4,7-diene
1469
1470
9.7
—
SH
(56)
Selina-4,11-diene
1475
1475
4.4
—
SH
(57)
Germacrene D
1477
1479
1.2
19.8
SH
(58)
cis-β-Guaiene
1482
1488
1.3
—
SH
(59)
-Selinene
1484
1486
9.9
0.9
SH
(60)
Pentadec-1-ene
1488
1486
—
0.7
O
(61)
Bicyclogermacrene
1492
1494
—
2.1
SH
(62)
α-Muurolene
1492
1496
2.1
—
SH
(63)
(E,E)-α-Farnesene
1494
1498
—
0.6
SH
(64)
γ -Cadinene
1506
1507
0.2
0.2
SH
(65)
Guaia-1(10),11-diene
1515
1517
5.9
—
SH
(66)
δ-Cadinene
1519
1520
—
1.1
SH
(67)
trans-Calamenene
1517
1517
0.3
0.1
SH
(68)
α-Calacorene
1527
1528
0.3
0.1
SH
(69)
(E)-α-Bisabolene
1531
1530
1.2
1.1
SH
(70)
Nerolidol
1546
0.3
0.5
SO
(71)
Guaia-6,9-dien-4-β-ol
1564
1465
0.5
—
SO
(72)
Spathulenol
1567
1572
—
1.6
SO
(73)
Caryophyllene epoxide
1570
1578
4.5
8.0
SO
(74)
Humulene epoxide II
1598
1602
0.6
1.2
SO
(75)
α-Corocalene
1600
1.2
—
SH
(76)
Caryophylla-3(15),7(14)-dien-6-ol
1620
1636
0.4
0.4
SO
(77)
T-Muurolol
1625
1633
0.2
0.3
SO
(78)
β-Eudesmol
1635
1641
0.9
0.9
SO
(79)
α-Cadinol
1637
1643
0.4
0.5
SO
(80)
Cadalene
1646
1659
t
—
SH
(81)
Myristic acid
1742
1748
0.3
0.2
O
(82)
Farnesylacetone
1888
1890
0.1
0.2
O
(83)
Methyl palmitate
1902
1901
0.1
0.2
O
(84)
Palmitic acid
1945
1942
2.4
2.2
O
(85)
Phytol
2095
2114
0.4
1.3
O
Total identified
86.5
96.1
Monoterpene hydrocarbons MH
6.0
1.5
Oxygenated monoterpenes MO
2.1
1.9
Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons SH
60.2
64.8
Oxygenated sesquiterpenes SO
6.8
13.4
Other O
10.8
14.0
The concentrations of the main compounds were signified in bold. RI: relative retention index on Rtx-1 ms column, : relative retention index of literature, NR: essential oil of normal roots of L. sibiricus, and HR: essential oils of hairy roots of L. sibiricus.
