Exercise Training under Exposure to Low Levels of Fine Particulate Matter: Effects on Heart Oxidative Stress and Extra-to-Intracellular HSP70 Ratio

Table 2

Body weight of mice exposed to fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) submitted to 12 weeks of exercise training.

	CON	PM2.5	MIT	MIT + PM2.5	HIT	HIT + PM2.5	ANOVA ( value)
Before	19.0 ± 3.0	18.5 ± 3.1	18.0 ± 1.8	17.6 ± 2.3	19.0 ± 1.7	19.5 ± 2.2	0.832
4th week	24.6 ± 2.2^†	24.9 ± 2.1^§	23.5 ± 2.7^†	23.1 ± 2.3^†	24.9 ± 0.5^†	22.2 ± 4.0	0.414
8th week	27.3 ± 1.8^§	28.1 ± 2.7^§	24.7 ± 2.5	27.1 ± 3.0^§	25.3 ± 0.9^†	25.2 ± 3.9^†	0.214
12th week	28.0 ± 3.6^§	28.7 ± 2.8^§	26.7 ± 2.2	27.9 ± 2.9^§	26.7 ± 2.5^§	26.0 ± 3.3^†	0.650
Δ (12th week − before)	8.9 ± 4.5	9.1 ± 4.4	8.6 ± 3.2	8.8 ± 3.7	8.1 ± 3.1	6.4 ± 4.7	0.896

Body weight (g) expressed as mean ± standard deviation. CON: control group, received 10 μL saline daily, maintained sedentary. MIT: moderate intensity training group, received 10 μL saline daily. HIT: high intensity training group, received 10 μL saline daily. PM_2.5: exposure group, received 5 μg of PM_2.5 daily, maintained sedentary. MIT + PM_2.5: moderate intensity training group, received 5 μg of PM_2.5 daily. HIT + PM_2.5: high intensity training group, received 5 μg of PM_2.5 daily (n = 5-6 per group). Data analysed by two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison test. There was an effect of time () and no effect of treatment () or interaction between time and treatment (). Time effects are indicated as , ^†, and ^§ versus initial body weight (“before” data) in each respective group. The difference between final and initial body weight (Δ body weight 12th week − before) was not different among experimental groups ().