Impact of Hot Environment on Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalance, Renal Damage, Hemolysis, and Immune Activation Postmarathon
Table 1
General and training characteristics of the marathon runners and environment parameters in the hot and temperate environment.
Hot environment
Temperate environment
Age (years)
42 ± 2
43 ± 2
Height (m)
1.73 ± 0.01
1.73 ± 0.01
Body mass (kg)
75 ± 2
75 ± 2
BMI (kg/m2)
25.2 ± 0.2
25.1 ± 0.2
Training experience (years)
6.11 ± 0.22
6.69 ± 0.80
Training volume (km/week)
55.2 ± 3.2
52.03 ± 2.39
Time of exhaustion (min)
10.9 ± 0.4
11.1 ± 0.5
VO2peak (mL·kg−1·min−1)
58.6 ± 1.2
54.6 ± 1.2
Exhaustion speed (km/h)
18.3 ± 0.3
18.4 ± 0.3
AT speed (km/h)
9.3 ± 0.2
9.3 ± 0.2
RCP speed (km/h)
16.6 ± 0.4
16.5 ± 0.5
Race time (min)
276 ± 8
243 ± 11
Race pace (min/km)
6.54 ± 0.18
5.75 ± 0.26
Temperature (°C) 10 days before the race
23.4 ± 0.6
16.3 ± 0.2
Temperature (°C) at race
31.4 ± 0.6
19.8 ± 0.2
Humidity at race (%)
30.4 ± 7.7
72.8 ± 7.2
BMI: body mass index; AT: anaerobic threshold; RCP: respiratory compensation point; VO2peak: peak consumption of oxygen. The values presented are the mean ± standard error of mean (SEM) of 26 runners. for comparison between hot and temperate environment.
