Gallic Acid-L-Leucine Conjugate Protects Mice against LPS-Induced Inflammation and Sepsis via Correcting Proinflammatory Lipid Mediator Profiles and Oxidative Stress

Figure 1

Effects of gallic acid-L-leucine (GAL) conjugate on the cell growth and expression of COX-2, 5-LOX, and iNOS. (a) Chemical structure of gallic acid derivative GAL. (b) Effect of GAL on the cell viability. After 72 h treatment, the cell viability of RAW264.7 cells was determined by colorimetric MTT assay. The values represent the mean ± SD of three experimental replicates. (c) Effects of GAL on LPS-induced COX-2, 5-LOX, and iNOS in RAW264.7 cells. Following 24 h treatment with GAL and LPS, the expression of COX-2, 5-LOX, and iNOS was analyzed by Western blotting and quantified by a densitometric method. The results were expressed as a percentage of the untreated control (). ; (sample versus LPS alone). (d) Effect of GAL on LPS-induced COX-2, 5-LOX, and iNOS in primary macrophages. The expression of COX-2, 5-LOX, and iNOS was analyzed in the same fashion as described in (b). The results were expressed as a percentage of the untreated control (). ; (sample versus LPS alone).

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