Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity / 2018 / Article / Tab 1 / Review Article
Neuropharmacological Potential and Delivery Prospects of Thymoquinone for Neurological Disorders Table 1 Potential activities of TQ in PD model.
Model Doses Mechanistic actions References MPP+ and rotenone toxicities in dopaminergic neurons 0.01, 0.1, 1, and 10 μ M Increases the number of THir compared with untreated control cultures [94 ] MPP+ toxicity in dopaminergic neurons 0.1 and 1 μ M Decreases the number of dopaminergic neurons and increases the release of LDH primary mesencephalic culture by enhancing lysosomal degradation that clears damaged mitochondria and inhibits mitochondria-mediated apoptotic cell death [95 ] 6-OHDA-induced PD model 5 and/or 10 mg/kg Significantly improves turning behavior, prevents loss of SNPC neurons, and lowers the level of MDA [96 ] Rotenone-induced PD model 7.5 and 15 mg/kg Significantly prevents rotenone-induced motor defects and modifications in the Parkin, Drp1, dopamine, and TH concentrations [97 ]
MPP+ : 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium; 6-OHDA: 6-hydroxydopamine; THir: tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactive; LDH: lactate dehydrogenase; MDA: malondialdehyde; SNpc: substantia nigra pars compacta; Drp1: dynamin-related protein 1; TH: tyrosine hydroxylase.