Connection between Systemic Inflammation and Neuroinflammation Underlies Neuroprotective Mechanism of Several Phytochemicals in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Figure 1

Correlation between oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neuroinflammation. Various aging factors and environmental factors stimulate glial cells to induce inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction, which orchestrate to impact on neuronal apoptotic mechanism and glial inflammatory mechanism, leading to neuronal dysfunction or loss in neurodegenerative diseases.