Activating the PGC-1α/TERT Pathway by Catalpol Ameliorates Atherosclerosis via Modulating ROS Production, DNA Damage, and Telomere Function: Implications on Mitochondria and Telomere Link

Figure 3

Catalpol inhibited DNA oxidative damage and cell apoptosis. 6–8-week-old male LDLr^−/− mice were administered with a standard diet with catalpol (0 and 100 mg/kg) or HFD with catalpol (0, 100, and 200 mg/kg). (a) Catalpol inhibited oxidative DNA damage in HFD-treated LDLr^−/− mice, . (b) Catalpol inhibited cell apoptosis in HFD-treated LDLr^−/− mice, . (c) Catalpol inhibited cleaved Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 expression and increased Bcl-2 protein expression in HFD-treated LDLr^−/− mice, . compared to the control group; compared to the HFD group. Error bars depict the standard deviation. HFD: high-fat diet.

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