Aqueous Extract of Dendropanax morbiferus Leaves Effectively Alleviated Neuroinflammation and Behavioral Impediments in MPTP-Induced Parkinson’s Mouse Model

Figure 1

DML attenuates nitric oxide production, cell viability, and proinflammatory mediators in LPS-stimulated BV-2 cells. The cells were incubated with DML in the presence or absence of LPS (200 ng/ml) for 6 h (RNA levels) and 24 h (NO assay, MTT assay, and protein levels). The cytotoxicity and NO release results were displayed as percentage of control (a) and released NO in μM (b), respectively. The RT-PCR results of the inflammatory cytokines were expressed as bands and fold-change quantification with respect to GAPDH ratio of iNOS (c), COX-2 (d), TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 (e–h). The immunoblot results of inflammatory mediators iNOS (i) and COX-2 (j) were expressed as blots and fold-change quantification with respect to β-actin ratio. Data are presented as mean ± standard error () of three independent experiments. The values are mean ± standard error ( versus control group and versus LPS-treated group).

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