Diabetic rats (6 rats/group) induced by streptozotocin (STZ) 60 mg/kg
Distilled water (0.5 ml/day) Honey (0.2 g/kg/day, 1.2 g/kg/day, and 2.4 g/kg/day) oral gavage for 4 weeks
Total antioxidant status (TAS), activities of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) were significantly reduced, while superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was upregulated in kidneys of diabetic rats. Lipid peroxidation (TBARS) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) were significantly elevated while body weight was reduced in diabetic rats. Honey significantly increased body weight, TAS, and activities of CAT, GPx, GR, and GST in diabetic rats.
Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats; diabetes induced by STZ (60 mg/kg body weight)
Tualang honey (1.0 g/kg body weight)
Tualang honey supplementation in diabetic rats reduces elevated levels of AST and ALT and also produces a hepatoprotective effect in STZ-induced diabetic rats.
(1) Control rats feed with standard pellet diet and water; (2) diabetic rats as untreated diabetic control; (3) diabetic rats treated with honey 1.0 g/kg BW for 21 days; (4) hyper cholesterol rats: cholesterol (1.5%) and cholic acid (0.5%) mix with diet; (5) hyper cholesterol rats treated with honey (1.0 g/kg BW for 21 days); and (6) diabetic rats treated with glibenclamide (0.5 mg/kg)
Honeybee treatment significantly decreases blood glucose level in diabetic rats. TC, TG, LDL, and VLDL are significantly decreased whereas HDL significantly increases. The SGPT, SGOT, and CRP were significantly decreased.
Treatments/groups: (1) distilled water (0.5 ml); (2) honey (1.0 g/kg); (3) metformin (100 mg/kg); (4) metformin and honey; (5) glibenclamide (0.6 mg/kg); (6) glibenclamide and honey; (7) metformin and glibenclamide; and (8) metformin, glibenclamide, and honey orally, once a day for 4 weeks
Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were significantly elevated while catalase (CAT) activity, total antioxidant status (TAS), reduced glutathione (GSH), and GSH : oxidized glutathione (GSSG) ratio were significantly reduced in the diabetic kidneys. CAT, glutathione reductase (GR), TAS, and GSH remained significantly reduced in the diabetic rats treated with metformin and/or glibenclamide. In contrast, metformin or glibenclamide combined with honey significantly increased CAT, GR, TAS, and GSH.
Diabetic (2 groups) and nondiabetic rats (2 groups)
Diabetic rats were administered distilled water (0.5 ml/d) and Tualang honey (1.0 g/kg/d). Nondiabetic rats received also distilled water (0.5 ml/d) and Tualang honey (1.0 g/kg/d)
The honey-treated diabetic rats had significantly reduced blood glucose levels [8.8 (5.8) mmol/L; median (interquartile range)] compared with the diabetic control rats [17.9 (2.6) mmol/L].
8 groups of rabbits (6 animals/group); groups I to IV were normal and healthy (nondiabetic) and groups V to VIII were diabetic induced by alloxan monohydrate
Group I: untreated control received 20 ml of water orally. Groups II–IV treated orally with 5, 10, and 15 mg/kg BW honey diluted up to 20 ml/kg with distilled water. Groups V–VI treated with tolbutamide (250 mg and 500 mg). Group V: diabetic control, treated with 20 ml of water. Groups VI–VIII treated orally with 5, 10, and 15 ml/kg BW of honey diluted to 20 ml with distilled water
Oral administration of pure honeys in 5 ml/kg/doses could not produce a significant () increase in glucose levels in normal and alloxan-diabetic rabbits whereas the adulterated honey significantly raised the blood glucose levels in normal and hyperglycemic rabbits even at this low dosage.
48 matured male Wistar rats separated into 6 groups
Group 1a: control had standard rat chow for 3 weeks. Group 1b: fed with honey along with standard rat chow for 3 weeks. Group 2a: alloxan-induced diabetes and standard rat chow for 3 weeks. Group 2b: alloxan-induced diabetes, fed with honey and standard rat chow. Group 3a: standard rat chow and fructose for 3 weeks. Group 3b: standard rat chow fructose for three weeks than honey along with standard rat chow and fructose for 3 weeks
At the end of three weeks, it was found that daily ingestion of honey for 3 weeks progressively and effectively reduced blood glucose level in rats with alloxan-induced diabetes. Honey also caused a reduction in hyperglycemia induced by long-term ingestion of fructose, albeit to a lesser degree than its effect on alloxan-induced hyperglycemia. Honey could not reduce blood glucose in controlled rats that received neither alloxan treatment nor fructose ingestion, even though it caused an increase in body weight, irrespective of other substances concomitantly administered to the rats.
3 experimental diets were prepared to contain no sugar, 7.9% sucrose, or 10% honeydew honey
Weight gain was substantially reduced in honey-fed rats compared with those given a sucrose-based diet; the finding that consuming honey increases HDL cholesterol levels is still a significant result though. There have been strong associations seen between low HDL cholesterol levels and the increased risk of cardiovascular disease.
36 rats divided into 6 groups of 6 animals. Diabetes was induced by STZ (60 mg/kg; ip)
Diabetic rats received distilled water (0.5 ml/day), honey (1.0 g/kg/day), and metformin (100 mg/kg/day) or a combination of metformin (100 mg/kg/day) and honey (1.0 g/kg/day) orally for four weeks. Similarly, two groups of nondiabetic rats received distilled water (0.5 ml/day) and honey (1.0 g/kg/day)
Honey significantly increased GSH, TAS, and activities of CAT and GR in diabetic rats while FPG, MDA levels, and SOD activity were decreased. The final results indicate that honey exerts hypoglycemic effect and ameliorates renal oxidative stress.
