Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Tumor Microenvironment Transformation: The Mechanism of Radioresistant Gastric Cancer

Table 1

ROS and TME-relevant signaling.

ROS target	Factors	Signaling pathways	Function	References
P38	TLR2/6	P38 MAPK, JNK	Translocation of NF-κB to the nucleus	[26]
NF-κB	IL-1β, IL-6, COX-2, IL-2, IL-8, TNF, NOX2, CXCL12	STAT3, NF-κB p65	Regulation of tumor proliferation and apoptosis	[23, 27]
TNF	TNFs	TNF, NF-κB, JNK	Cell survival or death	[27]
TGF-β		TGF	EMT inducer	[28, 30]
NOX-3	NADPH	MAPK, STAT1	Inflammation and apoptosis	[31]