Defatted Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) Seed Meal and Its Phenolic-Saponin-Rich Extract Protect Hypercholesterolemic Rats against Oxidative Stress and Systemic Inflammation via Transcriptional Modulation of Hepatic Antioxidant Genes

Table 3

Hepatic antioxidant gene expressions after 10 weeks of dietary intervention.

Rat groups	Hepatic antioxidant genes (relative expression)
	Nrf2	Sod1	Sod2	Gsr	Gpx1
NC	1.00 ± 0.09	1.00 ± 0.11	1.00 ± 0.20	1.00 ± 0.20	1.00 ± 0.11
AD	0.68 ± 0.19^#	0.56 ± 0.10^#	0.67 ± 0.12^#	0.57 ± 0.11^#	0.61 ± 0.12^#
DKSM-Low	1.21 ± 0.08	0.76 ± 0.12^#	0.88 ± 0.12	0.82 ± 0.08	0.50 ± 0.04^#
DKSM-High	1.23 ± 0.18^#	0.76 ± 0.09^#	1.02 ± 0.17	0.83 ± 0.12	0.66 ± 0.09^#
PSRE-Low	1.02 ± 0.16	1.57 ± 0.09^#	2.09 ± 0.17^#	1.28 ± 0.04^#	1.71 ± 0.32^#
PSRE-High	1.16 ± 0.17	1.53 ± 0.11^#	2.18 ± 0.40^#	1.37 ± 0.17^#	1.64 ± 0.29^#
Statin	1.69 ± 0.04^#	1.75 ± 0.03^#	1.74 ± 0.12^#	1.42 ± 0.23^#	2.04 ± 0.28^#

Symbol “” within the same column indicates significant difference in comparison to the AD group (); symbol “#” within the same column indicates significant difference in comparison to the NC group (); abbreviations: Nrf2: nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2; Sod1: cytosolic superoxide dismutase; Sod2: mitochondrial superoxide dismutase; Gsr: glutathione-disulfide reductase; Gpx1: glutathione peroxidase 1.