Redox Balance, Antioxidant Defense, and Oxidative Damage in the Hypothalamus and Cerebral Cortex of Rats with High Fat Diet-Induced Insulin Resistance

Table 2

Effect of 8-week HFD on enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants, total antioxidant/oxidant status, and oxidative damage products in the rat’s plasma and serum.

	C ()	HFD ()
GPx (mU/mg protein)	0.9 ± 0.09	1.6 ± 0.1
GR (nU/mg protein)	55.3 ± 0.7	56.55 ± 0.2
CAT (nmol H2O2/min/mg protein)	3.9 ± 0.2	6.2 ± 0.2
SOD-1 (mU/mg protein)	29.4 ± 1.3	42.9 ± 1.6
UA (μg/mg protein)	3.4 ± 0.3	4.90 ± 0.3^∗
TAC (Trolox nmol/mg protein)	9.6 ± 0.2	13.0 ± 0.9
TOS (nmol H2O2 equiv./mg protein)	36.9 ± 1.9	126.0 ± 5.0
OSI	433.5 ± 32.7	976.0 ± 38.2
FRAP (nmol/mg protein)	1.15 ± 0.3	1.91 ± 0.2
AGE (AFU/mg protein)	29.7 ± 0.6	83.6 ± 0.2
4-HNE (fg/mg protein)	51.5 ± 5.5	170.8 ± 10.6
MDA (ng/mg protein)	70.2 ± 8.2	267.4 ± 15.5
8-OHdG (pg/mg protein)	6.6 ± 0.3	8.6 ± 0.3

4-HNE, 4-hydroxynonenal protein adducts; 8-OHdG, 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine; AGE, advanced glycation end products; CAT, catalase; FRAP, ferric reducing ability of sample; GPx, glutathione peroxidase; GR, glutathione reductase; HFD, high fat diet; MDA, malondialdehyde; OSI, oxidative stress index; SOD-1, Cu-Zn-superoxide dismutase-1; TAC, total antioxidant capacity; TOS, total oxidant status; UA, uric acid. Enzymatic antioxidants (GPx, GR, CAT, and SOD-1) were determined in serum whereas other markers were assayed in plasma. Differences statistically important at .