Genetically Engineered Resveratrol-Enriched Rice Inhibits Neuroinflammation in Lipopolysaccharide-Activated BV2 Microglia Via Downregulating Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase-Nuclear Factor Kappa B Signaling Pathway

Figure 1

Treatment with resveratrol-enriched rice inhibits nitrite production in lipopolysaccharide-activated BV2 microglial cells without cellular toxicity. BV2 microglial cells were pretreated with normal rice (NR), resveratrol-enriched rice (RR), and resveratrol after 30 min of LPS (100 ng/mL) stimulation. (a, b) Nitrite production and cell viability after NR, RR, and resveratrol treatment. (c) IC₅₀ value of NR, RR, and resveratrol samples. The concentration of samples was given in μM. All data are presented as the mean ± standard error of the mean of three independent experiments. , , and indicate significant differences compared with LPS treatment alone. , , and indicate significant differences compared with untreated control group. indicate significant differences to RR compared to NR. Ctl, untreated control and LPS, lipopolysaccharide.

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