Hydroxysafflor Yellow A Shows Protection against PPARγ Inactivation in Nitrosative Neurons

Figure 1

Protective effects of HSYA against SIN-1-induced cytotoxicity in primary neuron cultures. (a) Structural formula of hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA). (b–d) The primary neurons were incubated with SIN-1, HSYA, or their combinations as described in Materials and Methods. LDH release assay for cytotoxicity and MTT assay for cell viability (b), Hoechst staining for apoptotic cells (c), and Western blotting for 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) expression (d) were carried out after 24 h incubation. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM (). compared to control (untreated) and compared to SIN-1 alone.

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