Research Article

Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin Ameliorates Cardiac Toxicity Induced by Boldenone Undecylenate through Inhibition of NADPH Oxidase and Reduction in the Expression of NOX2 and NOX4

Table 1

Changes in water intake, food intake, relative body weights (RBW), and relative heart weights (RHW) in different groups.

ItemsControlGSPEBoldenoneBoldenone + GSPE

Water intake (mL/rat/day)31.6 ± 2.44#30.9 ± 1.98#38.9 ± 2.8133.0 ± 1.60#
Food intake (g/rat/day)13.1 ± 1.05#13.2 ± 0.76#18.3 ± 0.9513.5 ± 1.01#
RBW (g/100 g)26.8 ± 1.35#24.5 ± 1.22#42.5 ± 3.0931.5 ± 2.15#
RHW (g/100 g)0.51 ± 0.0#40.50 ± 0.03#0.64 ± 0.02#0.57 ± 0.04#

Value represents mean ± SD of 10 rats. Significant difference from the control group at . #Significant difference from the Boldenone group at .