Hospital-based case-control study 858 cases, 1085 controls
January 2003-May 2007
Death of a close family member
(1.70-3.64)
Age, lifetime recreational physical activity, place of residence, education, age at menarche, breastfeeding, family history of breast cancer, exposure to cigarette smoke, alcohol consumption, and intake of vegetables and fruits
Prospective study 29,098 women, 209 cases identified
21 years
Psychological traits:
Age, study area, education, family history of breast cancer, age at menarche, age at menopause, parity, use of exogenous female hormones, alcohol intake, daily walking, exercise, sedentary work, height, and BMI
Prospective cohort study 106,000 women, 1783 cases
2003-July 2012
Breast
Age, age at menarche, age at first birth, parity breastfeeding, hormone use, BMI, smoking, alcohol intake, physical activity, family history of BC, and socioeconomic status
Experience of stressors in the last 3 years: severe (death of a spouse/child, handicapped child requiring full-time care) moderate (e.g., buying/selling a home)
Lack of statistical significance in all unadjusted and adjusted models
Family history of cancer, age at menarche, ovarian cancer, physical activity, HRT use, oral contraception use, BMI, anxiety, depression, parity, smoking, and number of live births
Case-control study (664 cases, 203 population-based controls)
March 1st 1994
Cumulative adverse life events
(1.00-2.66)
Adjusted for age, age at first full-term pregnancy, menopausal status, family history of BC, HRT use, smoking, race/ethnicity, education level, and physical activity
Hospital-based case-control study (250 cases, 250 controls)
September 2013
Loss of father during childhood
(1.30-5.52)
Adjusted for age, education status, marital status, work status, economic status, social security, age at menarche, age at first pregnancy and birth, family history of cancer, and history of psychiatric disorder