|
Model | Target | Response |
Biomarker | Molecular identity |
|
Humans (pregnant women; children) | Urinary 8-OHdG | Oxidized deoxyguanosine; DNA damage | Upregulated by TCS |
|
Nthy-ori 3-1 cells | ROS | Metabolic oxygen by-products | Upregulated by TCS |
PBMC | ROS | Upregulated by TCS |
Lipid peroxidation | Oxidized lipids | Upregulated by TCS |
Protein carbonylation | Oxidized proteins | Upregulated by TCS |
|
Y79 RB cells | Lipid peroxidation | Oxidized lipids | Upregulated by TCS |
|
Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells | Nrf2 | Antioxidant regulator | Downregulated by TCS |
Ho-1 | Antioxidant enzymes | Downregulated by TCS |
Nqo-1 | Downregulated by TCS |
|
VM7Luc4E2 cells | ROS | Metabolic oxygen by-products | Upregulated by TCS |
|
Mouse liver | O2– | Antioxidant enzymes | Upregulated by TCS |
HO-1 | Upregulated by TCS |
NQO-1 | Upregulated by TCS |
GST | Upregulated by TCS |
|
Weanling rats | MDA | Oxidized lipid marker | Upregulated by TCS |
SOD | Antioxidant enzymes | Upregulated by TCS |
CAT | Downregulated by TCS |
|
Female albino rat lung homogenates | Lipid peroxidation | Oxidized lipids | Upregulated by TCS |
SOD | Antioxidants | Downregulated by TCS |
CAT | Downregulated by TCS |
GSH | Downregulated by TCS |
|
C57BL/6 mice liver | Gpx1 | Antioxidant enzyme; glutathione homeostasis | Upregulated by TCS |
Aox1 | Superoxide and hydrogen peroxide formation | Upregulated by TCS |
|
Sprague-Dawley rat hypothalamus | MDA | Oxidized lipid marker | Upregulated by TCS |
Gpx3 | Antioxidant enzyme; glutathione homeostasis | Downregulated by TCS |
Cat | Antioxidant enzymes | Downregulated by TCS |
Sod2 | Downregulated by TCS |
|
Rat neural stem cells | ROS | Metabolic oxygen by-products | Upregulated by TCS |
GSH | Antioxidant | Downregulated by TCS |
|
Mouse neocortical neurons | ROS | Metabolic oxygen by-products | Upregulated by TCS |
Cyp1a1 | Cytochrome family enzymes; detoxification | Downregulated by TCS |
CYP1a1 | Downregulated by TCS |
Cyp1b1 | Downregulated by TCS |
Cyp1b1 | Upregulated by TCS |
Sprague-Dawley rat liver | Cyp1a1 | Upregulated by TCS |
Cyp1a2 | Upregulated by TCS |
Cyp2b1 | Upregulated by TCS |
CYP2b1 | Upregulated by TCS |
Cyp3a1 | Upregulated by TCS |
Ugt2b1 | Glucuronidation enzymes; detoxification | Upregulated by TCS |
Ugt2b1 | Upregulated by TCS |
Sult1e1 | Sulfation enzyme; detoxification | Upregulated by TCS |
Sult1e1 | Upregulated by TCS |
|
C. elegans | ROS | Metabolic oxygen by-products | Upregulated by TCS |
Skn1 | Stress response regulator | Upregulated by TCS |
SKN-1 | Downregulated by TCS |
Gcs1 | Antioxidant enzymes | Downregulated by TCS |
Sod1 | Upregulated by TCS |
Sod4 | Upregulated by TCS |
Hsp-3 | Stress response; protein stabilization | Upregulated by TCS |
Hsp-4 | Upregulated by TCS |
Hsp-16.2 | Upregulated by TCS |
Hsp-70 | Upregulated by TCS |
Cyp29A2 | Cytochrome family enzymes; detoxification | Upregulated by TCS |
Cyp34A9 | Upregulated by TCS |
DAF-16 | Stress response | Upregulated by TCS |
|
E. fetida | MDA | Oxidized lipid marker | Upregulated by TCS |
CAT | Antioxidant enzymes | Upregulated by TCS |
GST | Upregulated by TCS |
SOD | Sensitive to TCS to TCS |
|
A. fulica | MDA | Oxidized lipid marker | Upregulated by TCS |
CAT | Antioxidant enzymes | Sensitive to TCS to TCS |
SOD | Downregulated by TCS |
POD | Downregulated by TCS |
|
ZFL liver cells | CYP1A | Cytochrome family enzyme; detoxification | Upregulated by TCS |
|
D. rerio larvae | GPx | Antioxidant enzymes; glutathione homeostasis | Upregulated by TCS |
GR | Downregulated by TCS |
PRD-2 | Antioxidant enzyme | Downregulated by TCS |
Hsp-5 | Stress response; protein stabilization | Upregulated by TCS |
Hsp-90 β | Upregulated by TCS |
|
D. magna | MDA | Oxidized lipid marker | Upregulated by TCS |
CAT | Antioxidant enzymes | Sensitive to TCS to TCS |
EROD | Detoxification enzymes | Sensitive to TCS to TCS |
ERND | Sensitive to TCS to TCS |
APND | Sensitive to TCS to TCS |
Glutamine | Amino acids; markers of protein oxidation/breakdown | Upregulated by TCS |
Glutamate | Upregulated by TCS |
Proline | Upregulated by TCS |
|
D. polymorpha gills | Hsp-70 | Stress response; protein stabilization | Sensitive to TCS to TCS |
|
U. tumidus digestive gland | GAPDH | Oxidoreductase; glucose metabolism | Sensitive to TCS to TCS |
GSSG | Oxidized glutathione; antioxidant | Upregulated by TCS |
Oxyradicals | Oxygen-containing radicals; prooxidants | Downregulated by TCS |
Lipofuscin | Lysosomal pigment granules; toxicity marker | Downregulated by TCS |
|
T. japonicus | ROS | Metabolic oxygen by-products | Upregulated by TCS |
Sod | Antioxidant enzymes | Sensitive to TCS to TCS |
SOD | Upregulated by TCS |
Cat | Sensitive to TCS to TCS |
Gst variants | Antioxidants; glutathione homeostasis | Sensitive to TCS to TCS |
GST | Upregulated by TCS |
GPx | Upregulated by TCS |
GSH | Upregulated by TCS |
Cyp3026a3 | Cytochrome family enzymes; detoxification | Upregulated by TCS |
Cyp3037a1 | Upregulated by TCS |
|
P. fulvidraco | MDA | Oxidized lipid marker | Sensitive to TCS to TCS |
CAT | Antioxidant enzyme | Upregulated by TCS |
Gst | Antioxidant enzyme; glutathione homeostasis | Sensitive to TCS to TCS |
EROD | Detoxification enzymes | Upregulated by TCS |
ERND | Upregulated by TCS |
APND | Upregulated by TCS |
Cyp1a | Cytochrome family enzymes; detoxification | Sensitive to TCS to TCS |
Cyp3a | Sensitive to TCS to TCS |
|
H. fossilis | CAT | Antioxidant enzymes | Upregulated by TCS |
SOD | Upregulated by TCS |
GSH | Antioxidants; glutathione homeostasis | Downregulated by TCS |
GST | Downregulated by TCS |
GPx | Downregulated by TCS |
|
C. auratus | MDA | Oxidized lipid marker | Upregulated by TCS |
CAT | Antioxidant enzymes | Upregulated by TCS |
SOD | Downregulated by TCS |
GSH | Antioxidant; glutathione homeostasis | Upregulated by TCS |
|
Brachionus koreanus | ROS | Metabolic oxygen by-products | Upregulated by TCS |
Gst variants | Antioxidant enzyme; glutathione homeostasis | Sensitive to TCS to TCS |
Gpx | Sensitive to TCS to TCS |
GST | Upregulated by TCS |
Sod | Antioxidant enzymes | Sensitive to TCS to TCS |
Cat | Sensitive to TCS to TCS |
Cyp3042a1 | Cytochrome family enzymes; detoxification | Sensitive to TCS to TCS |
Cyp43a1 | Sensitive to TCS to TCS |
Hsp10 | Stress response; protein stabilization | Sensitive to TCS to TCS |
Hsp21 | Upregulated by TCS |
Hsp27 | Upregulated by TCS |
Hsp30 | Sensitive to TCS to TCS |
Hsp40 | Sensitive to TCS to TCS |
Hsp40h | Sensitive to TCS to TCS |
Hsp60 | Sensitive to TCS to TCS |
Hsp70 | Upregulated by TCS |
Hsc70 | Upregulated by TCS |
Hsp90α1 | Sensitive to TCS to TCS |
Hsp90α2 | Sensitive to TCS to TCS |
Hsp90β | Sensitive to TCS to TCS |
|
B. gargarizans liver | Sod | Antioxidant enzyme | Downregulated by TCS |
Phgpx | Antioxidant enzyme; glutathione homeostasis | Downregulated by TCS |
P. perezi larvae | GST | Upregulated by TCS |
|
R. philippinarum digestive gland | MDA | Oxidized lipid marker | Upregulated by TCS |
CAT | Antioxidant enzymes | Sensitive to TCS to TCS |
SOD | Sensitive to TCS to TCS |
GPx variants | Antioxidant enzymes; glutathione homeostasis | Sensitive to TCS to TCS |
GST | Sensitive to TCS to TCS |
GR | Sensitive to TCS to TCS |
EROD | Detoxification enzyme | Sensitive to TCS to TCS |
|
O. mykiss liver and kidney | Cat | Antioxidant enzymes | Downregulated by TCS |
Sod | Upregulated by TCS |
Gpx variants | Antioxidant enzymes; glutathione homeostasis | Upregulated by TCS |
Gsta | Upregulated by TCS |
Hsp90bb | Stress response; protein stabilization | Upregulated by TCS |
Hsp90ba | Upregulated by TCS |
Hsc70a | Upregulated by TCS |
|
C. reinhardtii | ROS | Metabolic oxygen by-products | Upregulated by TCS |
MDA | Oxidized lipid marker | Upregulated by TCS |
Sod | Antioxidant enzyme | Upregulated by TCS |
Gpx | Antioxidant enzyme; glutathione homeostasis | Upregulated by TCS |
R. rubrum S1H | Gpx | Upregulated by TCS |
GrxC | Antioxidant enzymes; glutathione homeostasis | Upregulated by TCS |
TrxB | Upregulated by TCS |
OsmC | Antioxidant enzyme | Upregulated by TCS |
DnaJ | Heat shock protein; general stress marker | Upregulated by TCS |
RpoN | RNA polymerase factor sigma-54; general stress marker | Downregulated by TCS |
TerA | Tellurite resistance protein A; general stress marker | Upregulated by TCS |
Psp variants | Phage shock proteins; general stress markers | Sensitive to TCS to TCS |
ClpP | ATP-dependent protease, proteolytic subunit; general stress marker | Upregulated by TCS |
HrcA | Heat-inducible transcription suppressor; general stress marker | Upregulated by TCS |
|
E. coli K12, MG1655 | OxyR | ROS sensor proteins | Upregulated by TCS |
Grx | Antioxidant enzymes; glutathione homeostasis | Upregulated by TCS |
Sod variants | Antioxidant enzymes | Upregulated by TCS |
Cat variants | Upregulated by TCS |
Ahp variants | Antioxidant enzymes | Upregulated by TCS |
|
E. coli | ROS | Metabolic oxygen by-products | Upregulated by TCS |
YgiW | Antioxidant proteins | Downregulated by TCS |
SoxS | Downregulated by TCS |
YhcN | Downregulated by TCS |
|