Indoxyl Sulfate Induces Renal Fibroblast Activation through a Targetable Heat Shock Protein 90-Dependent Pathway

Figure 1

Mouse kidney analysis after a 12-week exposure to 0.1% IS. (a) H&E staining; arrows indicate areas of tubular necrosis. (b) Collagen deposition as revealed by picrosirius red staining, brightfield illumination (left side) and polarization contrast illumination (right side); the graph represents the quantification of red staining intensity under brightfield illumination. (c, d) Images of immunochemistry of α-SMA and HSP90; boxes specify the positive nuclei of interstitial fibroblasts found in the kidney from IS-treated mice. The histograms indicate the immunopositivity quantification (fold change: FC). (magnification: (a)–(c), ×400; (d), ×1000); .

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