A Protective Role of Paeoniflorin in Fluctuant Hyperglycemia-Induced Vascular Endothelial Injuries through Antioxidative and Anti-Inflammatory Effects and Reduction of PKCβ1

Figure 2

Effects of paeoniflorin (PF) on the apoptosis rate of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) cultured with different concentrations of glucose for 8 days. HUVECs were cultured in the presence of normal (5.56 mmol/L), high (25 mmol/L), or alternating normal/high concentrations as described in Materials and Methods and treated with LY333531, PF, or metformin hydrochloride (MH). Representative flow cytometry scatter plots of the total percentage of apoptosis are shown in (a). The total percentage of apoptosis was reflected by its fluorescent intensity (b). Early (c) and late (d) apoptosis was determined in the various groups. Data are presented as deviation (). and vs. glucose 5.56 mmol/L; and vs. 25 mmol/L.

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