Relationships between Serum Uric Acid, Malondialdehyde Levels, and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in the Patients with Metabolic Syndrome

Table 1

Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data of the stratified subgroups by metabolic syndrome score.

							value	trend
Sample size,	21	19	27	26	25	16
Age (year)							0.264	0.089
Male, (%)	7 (33.33%)	10 (52.63%)	17 (62.96%)	12 (46.15%)	13 (52%)	10 (62.5%)	0.383	0.214
Smoking, (%)	1 (4.76%)	1 (5.26%)	3 (11.11%)	3 (11.54%)	4 (16%)	5 (31.25%)	0.189	0.015
Alcohol, (%)	3 (14.29%)	3 (15.79%)	8 (29.63%)	7 (26.92%)	6 (24%)	4 (25%)	0.792	0.344
BMI (kg/m^2)							<0.001	<0.001
Waist (cm)							<0.001	<0.001
SBP (mmHg)							<0.001	<0.001
DBP (mmHg)							<0.001	<0.001
Uric acid (mg/dl)							0.001	<0.001
MDA (μm/ml)							<0.001	<0.001
SOD (U/ml)							0.0073	<0.001
8-OHdG (ng/ml)							<0.001	<0.001
γ-H2AX (pg/ml)							0.0061	<0.001
hs-CRP (mg/dl)							<0.001	<0.001
Fasting blood sugar (mg/dl)							<0.001	<0.001
Hemoglobin A1c (%)							<0.001	<0.001
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)							0.189	0.035
HDL-C (mg/dL)							<0.001	<0.001
Triglyceride (mg/dL)							<0.001	<0.001
LDL-C (mg/dL)							0.356	0.160
Tchol_HDLratio							0.148	0.045
WBC (mm^3)							<0.001	<0.001
AST (U/L)							<0.001	<0.001
ALT (U/L)							<0.001	<0.001
Creatinine (mg/dl)							0.251	0.246
Renal GFR (ml/min/1.73 m^2)							0.384	0.681
avgIMT (mm)							<0.001	<0.001

Data are presented as or (%) for categorical data. Differences in mean values of variables between the four Met-S-stratified subgroups were tested by one-way ANOVA test. for trend was calculated by the Jonckheere-Terpstra Test to test for an ordered alternative hypothesis within six subgroups. Met-S: metabolic syndrome; BMI: body mass index; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; WBC: white blood cell; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; hs-CRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; MDA: malondialdehyde; avgIMT: average of intima-media thickness of both common carotid arteries; SOD: superoxide dismutase; 8-OHdG: 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine.