Cold Physical Plasma Modulates p53 and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling in Keratinocytes

Figure 4

Cold plasma activates upstream activators of p53 regardless of γ-H2AX function. Relative phosphorylation of ATR (p-S428) was slightly enhanced in comparison to control (a). Quantification of Western blot has shown a treatment time-dependent induction of phosphorylation of ATM (p-S1981) in HaCaT cells (b, not significant). Phosphorylated H2AX (γH2AX), as a key factor in sensing double strand DNA breaks, was not significantly enhanced after plasma treatment (c). Representative blots are shown. Data are presented as mean + S.D. of two analyses. The x-axis represents treatment time with plasma or control (ctrl)/positive control (H2O2). Statistical analysis was done using one-way ANOVA with Dunnett corrections for multiple comparisons to untreated, normalized control.

(a)

(b)

(c)