[Retracted] Proanthocyanidins Antagonize Arsenic-Induced Oxidative Damage and Promote Arsenic Methylation through Activation of the Nrf2 Signaling Pathway

Figure 3

ROS fluorescence intensity in L-02 cells. (a) The control group showed weak ROS fluorescence intensity. (b–d) The GSPE (10, 25, and 50 mg/L for 24 h) groups showed weaker fluorescence intensity than the control group. (e) Intense green fluorescence of ROS was found in the arsenic (25 μM) treatment group. (f–h) The arsenic (25 μM) + GSPE (10, 25, and 50 mg/L) group (for 24 h) displayed gradual decrease in fluorescence intensity with increase in GSPE concentrations. ROS fluorescence intensity was significantly higher in the arsenic group (Figure 3(e)) than in the control group (Figure 3(a)). However, GSPE effectively removed ROS induced by arsenic (Figures 3(f)–3(h)).

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