ROS from Physical Plasmas: Redox Chemistry for Biomedical Therapy

Table 2

Overview of cold plasma-mediated signalling pathways, including oxidative stress (Nrf2), mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase, p53, Wnt/β-catenin, cytoskeletal, cell adhesion, or growth factor signalling and differentiation. He-GIW: helium-guided ionization wave; SMD: surface microdischarge.

Signalling	Cell type(s)	Plasma source	References
Nrf2	Keratinocytes (HaCaT)	He-GIW	[140]
	THP-1 monocytes (human)	kINPen	[274, 275]
	Breast, pancreatic, colon cancer, and melanoma	kINPen	[276]
	Osteosarcoma cells	kINPen	[277]
	Periodontal ligament (PDL) cells	Plasma one dental	[278]
	Rat skin cells	Single-jet system	[279]
	Murine skin cells	kINPen	[123]
	Keratinocytes (HaCaT)	kINPen	[120, 121, 134, 148]
	T-lymphoblastoid leukemia cells	DBD	[236, 280]
NFκB, MAPK	Monocytes, THP-1, and Jurkat	kINPen	[119, 154]
	Cancer cells	DBD	[281]
	HNC cells	Spray-type jet	[282]
	Cancer cells (G631)	APPJ	[283]
	Cancer cells (ES2)	NEAPP	[202]
	Keratinocytes (HaCaT)	kINPen	[284]
	Cancer cells (A375, 875)	Surface BD	[285]
p53	Melanoma cells	SMD	[286]
	Keratinocytes (HaCaT)	DBD	[287]
	Cancer cells	Different	[166]
	Cancer cells (HSC3)	DBD oxygen	[288]
	Cancer cells	DBD	[281]
	T98G, A549, HEK293, and MRC5	Soft plasma jet	[289]
	Periodontal ligament (PDL) cells	Plasma one	[278]
	Melanocyte cancer cells	APPJ	[283]
	Keratinocytes (HaCaT)	kINPen	[164]
	Murine skin cells	kINPen	[123]
	Cancer cells (Huh7, Alexander, and HepG2)	Air based	[290]
	Keratinocytes (HaCaT)	DBD	[291]
	T-lymphoblastoid leukemia cells	DBD	[236]
Wnt/β-catenin, cell adhesion	Melanoma cells (SK-Mel-28)	kINPen	[292]
	Keratinocytes (HaCaT)	DBD	[293, 294]
	Keratinocytes (HaCaT)	DBD	[131, 132, 295, 296]
	MNC	DBD	[297]
	Normal and cancer cells	Jet	[133]
Cytoskeletal	Skin cells	DBD, kINPen	[110, 153, 298]
	Keratinocytes (HaCaT)	DBD	[287]
	Cancer cells (BHP10, TPC1)	Spray-type jet	[299]
	Human dermal fibroblasts	Jet like	[129, 130]
	Skin cells (HaCaT, MRC5), melanoma cells	kINPen	[122, 292]
Differentiation growth factors	Neuroblastoma 2a (N2a)	DBD	[300]
	Keratinocytes (HaCaT)	kINPen	[149]
	Human 3D skin model	Single jet (MEF)	[301]