Hyperglycemia-Induced Oxidative Stress Abrogates Remifentanil Preconditioning-Mediated Cardioprotection in Diabetic Rats by Impairing Caveolin-3-Modulated PI3K/Akt and JAK2/STAT3 Signaling

Figure 6

Effects of remifentanil preconditioning (RPC) on myocardial expression of Caspase-3 and Cav-3 and phosphorylation of Akt and STAT3 in N-acetylcysteine- (NAC-) treated diabetic rats. Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats with or without NAC treatment in the presence or absence of wortmannin (Wort) and AG490 (AG) were subjected to myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) or RPC. (a–d) Representative Western blot of cleaved Caspase-3 compared with GADPH (a), Cav-3 compared with GADPH (b), p-Akt (ser⁴⁷³) compared with total Akt (c), and p-STAT3 (Tyr⁷⁰⁵) compared with total STAT3 (d). Differences were determined by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s test. and vs. the I/R group; vs. the I/R+NAC group; and vs. the NAC+RPC group.

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