Antidiabetic Potency, Antioxidant Effects, and Mode of Actions of Citrus reticulata Fruit Peel Hydroethanolic Extract, Hesperidin, and Quercetin in Nicotinamide/Streptozotocin-Induced Wistar Diabetic Rats

Table 2

Serum insulin and C-peptide levels in normal, diabetic control, and diabetic groups treated with C. reticulata fruit peel extract, hesperidin, and quercetin.

Parameter groups	Insulin (ng/ml)	% change	C-peptide (ng/ml)	% change
Normal	1.93 ± 0.073^a	—	2.98 ± 0.05^a	—
Diabetic control	0.93 ± 0.04^c	-51.81	0.99 ± 0.04^c	-66.77
Diabetic treated with fruit peel extract	1.44 ± 0.10^b	54.83	1.56 ± 0.10^b	57.57
Diabetic treated with hesperidin	1.75 ± 0.05^b	88.17	2.30 ± 0.13^b	132.32
Diabetic treated with quercetin	1.53 ± 0.11^b	62.51	2.29 ± 0.15^b	131.31
-probability
LSD at 5% level	0.308		0.362
LSD at 1% level	0.417		0.490

Data are represented as of six rats. Means which share different superscript letters are significantly different at . Percentage changes were calculated by comparing diabetic control with normal and diabetic treated groups with diabetic control.