Autophagy Contributes to the Maintenance of Genomic Integrity by Reducing Oxidative Stress

Figure 5

Blockade of autophagy increases micronuclei. (a) CQ treatment effectively blocked autophagic flux. HT1080, U2OS cells, and MSCs were treated with autophagy inhibitor CQ (50 μM) for 24 h for examination of autophagy efficiency (LC3 and p62) by Western blot analysis (the numbers below indicate ratios of LC3-II/LC3-I). (b) CQ treatment increases micronucleation in HT1080 cells, U2OS cells, and MSCs. Cells were treated with CQ (50 μM) for 24 h; the frequencies of MN were examined at 48 h after CQ was washed out. (c) ATG5 depletion inhibits the formation of early autophagosomes. HT1080, U2OS cells, and MSCs were treated with ATG5-siRNA or control-siRNA for 48 h for examination of interference efficiency and autophagy efficiency (LC3 and p62) by Western blot analysis (the numbers below indicate ratios of LC3-II/LC3-I). (d) Increased frequencies of micronuclei in ATG5 knockdown cells. Cells were treated with ATG5-siRNA or control-siRNA for 48 h for examination of micronuclei frequencies. Each experiment was repeated three times. and . CQ: chloroquine; SCR: scrambled.

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