Molecular Mechanism of Functional Ingredients in Barley to Combat Human Chronic Diseases

Table 3

Different functional ingredients of barley grass and grains for discrepant preventive chronic disease.

Barley grass		Barley grains
Preventive role	Functional Ingredients [6]	Preventive role	Functional Ingredients	References
Improve cognition	GABA, K, SOD	Hypocholesterol	β-glucans	[119]
Beauty antiacne/detox	Metallothioneins	Reduce chronic kidney disease	β-glucans	[90]
Antigout/ hyperuricemia	Alkaloid, SOD	Improve metabolic syndrome	β-glucans	[127]
Calcium supplement	Ca	Wound healing acceleration	β-glucans	[132, 133]
Antihypoxia/antifatigue	Flavones (lutonarin and saponarin)	Heart failure prevention	β-d-glucan, phenolics, tocols, linoleic acid, folate	[18, 123, 136]
Antidepressant	GABA; saponarin; vitamins; minerals	Stroke prevention	Low protein, extract P	[140, 141]
Promote sleep	GABA, Ca, K, tryptophan, vitamin C	Allergic rhinitis alleviation	Fermented barley extract	[138]
Lustihood	Excavate functional components	Body strength	Excavate functional components	[18]
Bone injury recovery	Excavate functional components	Prevent cholelithiasis	Excavate functional components	[18]