| Study ID | Country | Case number (M/F) | Control number (M/F) | Biomarkers and main outcomes | NOS |
| Reinisch et al. 1999 | Austria | 20 (9/11) | 9 (5/4) | Serum-TAS↑ | 7 | Ozgocmen et al. 2004 | Turkey | 15 (12/3) | 16 (13/3) | Serum-MDA↑, NONS, CAT↑, SODNS | 9 | Yazici et al. 2004 | Turkey | 41 (33/8) | 30 (24/6) | Serum-AOPP↑, MPO↑, Thiol↓ | 8 | Karakoc et al. 2007 | Turkey | 50 (42/8) | 26 (20/6) | Serum-TOS↑, TAS↓ | 9 | Erdem et al. 2010 | Turkey | 32 (23/9) | 25 (18/7) | Serum-PON1NS, ARENS | 8 | Karkucak et al. 2010 | Turkey | 24 (4/20) | 27 (5/22) | Serum-TOSNS, TASNS | 9 | Kozaci et al. 2010 | Turkey | 25 (12/13) | 18 (9/9) | Serum-MDANS, NONS | 9 | Stanek et al. 2010 | Poland | 16 (16/0) | 16 (16/0) | Serum–MDA↑, SOD↓, TAS↓, erythrocytes-MDANS, SOD↓, CATNS, GPx↓, GR↓, GST↓ | 8 | Cece et al. 2011 | Turkey | 45 (36/9) | 30 (23/7) | Serum-PON1↓, ARE↓ | 9 | Nazıroğlu et al. 2011 | Turkey | 13 (8/5) | 13 (8/5) | Serum-MDA↓, GSHNS erythrocytes-MDA↓, GSH↑, GPx↑ | 9 | Olama et al. 2013 | Egypt | 35 (33/2) | 35 (33/2) | Serum-PON1↓, ARE↓, MDA↑ | 9 | Solmaz et al. 2013 | Turkey | 85 (65/20) | 56 (39/17) | Serum-TOS↑, TASNS | 9 | Andrade et al. 2014 | Brazil | 14 (11/3) | 26 (16/10) | Serum-MPO↑, NO↑ | 8 | Liu et al. 2014 | China | 120 (100/20) | 60 (50/10) | Serum-ROS↑, RNS↑, NO↑, MDA↑, SOD↓, CAT↓, TAS↓ | 7 | Wang et al. 2014 | China | 40 (13/27) | 50 (16/34) | Serum-MPO↑ | 7 | Wang et al. 2015 | China | 102 (102/0) | 102 (102/0) | Serum-AOPP↑, MDA↑ erythrocytes-SOD↓, CAT↓, GPx↓ | 9 | Dogru et al. 2016 | Turkey | 69 (43/26) | 60 (37/23) | Serum-Thiol↓, disulfide↓ | 8 | Türkön et al. 2016 | Turkey | 40 (17/23) | 35 (24/11) | Serum-MDA↑, TOS↑, TASNS, SOD↓, GPx↓ | 9 | Kucuk et al. 2017 | Turkey | 60 (45/15) | 54 (32/22) | Serum - TOS↑ | 9 | Stanek et al. 2017 | Poland | 48 (48/0) | 48 (48/0) | Serum-TOS↑, MDA↑, SOD↑ Erythrocytes-SOD↑, CAT↑, GPx↑, GR↑, MDA↑ | 9 | Xu et al. 2017 | China | 128 (97/31) | 146 (111/35) | Serum-PON1↓ | 9 | Pishgah et al. 2020 | Iran | 16 | 35 | Serum-NO↑, TOSNS, SOD↑ Erythrocytes-GPxNS, CAT↑ | 9 |
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Legend: ↑ means the level of this marker is higher in AS patients compared with controls, and ↓ means the level of this marker is lower in AS patients compared with controls. NS means the level of this marker is not significantly different between AS patients and controls. NOS: Newcastle-Ottawa Scale; TAS: total antioxidant status; MDA: malondialdehyde; NO: nitric oxide; SOD: superoxide dismutase; AOPP: advanced oxidation protein products; MPO: myeloperoxidase; TOS: total oxidant status; PON1: paraoxonase 1; ARE: arylesterase; CAT: catalase; GPx: glutathione peroxidase; GR: glutathione reductase; GST: glutathione transferase; GSH: reduced glutathione; RNS: reactive nitrogen species. Oxidative stress linked markers are MDA, NO, AOPP, MPO, TOS, and RNS. Antioxidative stress linked markers are TAS, SOD, PON1, ARE, CAT, GPx, GR, GST, and GSH.
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