Research Article

Oxidative and Antioxidative Stress Linked Biomarkers in Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Table 1

Characteristics of included studies.

Study IDCountryCase number (M/F)Control number (M/F)Biomarkers and main outcomesNOS

Reinisch et al. 1999Austria20 (9/11)9 (5/4)Serum-TAS↑7
Ozgocmen et al. 2004Turkey15 (12/3)16 (13/3)Serum-MDA↑, NONS, CAT↑, SODNS9
Yazici et al. 2004Turkey41 (33/8)30 (24/6)Serum-AOPP↑, MPO↑, Thiol↓8
Karakoc et al. 2007Turkey50 (42/8)26 (20/6)Serum-TOS↑, TAS↓9
Erdem et al. 2010Turkey32 (23/9)25 (18/7)Serum-PON1NS, ARENS8
Karkucak et al. 2010Turkey24 (4/20)27 (5/22)Serum-TOSNS, TASNS9
Kozaci et al. 2010Turkey25 (12/13)18 (9/9)Serum-MDANS, NONS9
Stanek et al. 2010Poland16 (16/0)16 (16/0)Serum–MDA↑, SOD↓, TAS↓,
erythrocytes-MDANS, SOD↓, CATNS, GPx↓, GR↓, GST↓
8
Cece et al. 2011Turkey45 (36/9)30 (23/7)Serum-PON1↓, ARE↓9
Nazıroğlu et al. 2011Turkey13 (8/5)13 (8/5)Serum-MDA↓, GSHNS
erythrocytes-MDA↓, GSH↑, GPx↑
9
Olama et al. 2013Egypt35 (33/2)35 (33/2)Serum-PON1↓, ARE↓, MDA↑9
Solmaz et al. 2013Turkey85 (65/20)56 (39/17)Serum-TOS↑, TASNS9
Andrade et al. 2014Brazil14 (11/3)26 (16/10)Serum-MPO↑, NO↑8
Liu et al. 2014China120 (100/20)60 (50/10)Serum-ROS↑, RNS↑, NO↑, MDA↑, SOD↓, CAT↓, TAS↓7
Wang et al. 2014China40 (13/27)50 (16/34)Serum-MPO↑7
Wang et al. 2015China102 (102/0)102 (102/0)Serum-AOPP↑, MDA↑
erythrocytes-SOD↓, CAT↓, GPx↓
9
Dogru et al. 2016Turkey69 (43/26)60 (37/23)Serum-Thiol↓, disulfide↓8
Türkön et al. 2016Turkey40 (17/23)35 (24/11)Serum-MDA↑, TOS↑, TASNS, SOD↓, GPx↓9
Kucuk et al. 2017Turkey60 (45/15)54 (32/22)Serum - TOS↑9
Stanek et al. 2017Poland48 (48/0)48 (48/0)Serum-TOS↑, MDA↑, SOD↑
Erythrocytes-SOD↑, CAT↑, GPx↑, GR↑, MDA↑
9
Xu et al. 2017China128 (97/31)146 (111/35)Serum-PON1↓9
Pishgah et al. 2020Iran1635Serum-NO↑, TOSNS, SOD↑
Erythrocytes-GPxNS, CAT↑
9

Legend: ↑ means the level of this marker is higher in AS patients compared with controls, and ↓ means the level of this marker is lower in AS patients compared with controls. NS means the level of this marker is not significantly different between AS patients and controls. NOS: Newcastle-Ottawa Scale; TAS: total antioxidant status; MDA: malondialdehyde; NO: nitric oxide; SOD: superoxide dismutase; AOPP: advanced oxidation protein products; MPO: myeloperoxidase; TOS: total oxidant status; PON1: paraoxonase 1; ARE: arylesterase; CAT: catalase; GPx: glutathione peroxidase; GR: glutathione reductase; GST: glutathione transferase; GSH: reduced glutathione; RNS: reactive nitrogen species. Oxidative stress linked markers are MDA, NO, AOPP, MPO, TOS, and RNS. Antioxidative stress linked markers are TAS, SOD, PON1, ARE, CAT, GPx, GR, GST, and GSH.