Oxidative and Antioxidative Stress Linked Biomarkers in Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Table 2

Results of meta-analyses.

		Markers	Study N	Model effect	SMD (95% CI)		value
Compared with healthy controls	Oxidative stress markers in serum	TOS	7	Random	1.03 (0.49, 1.57)	88.70%	<0.001
		MDA	10	Random	1.71 (1.03, 2.39)	93.50%; 95.70%; 57.40%	<0.001
		MPO	3	Random	0.95 (-0.64, 2.55)		0.242
		NO	6	Random	0.44 (0.08, 0.80)		0.018
		AOPP	2	Random	2.19 (1.02, 3.37)	90.10%	<0.001
	Oxidative stress markers in erythrocytes	MDA	3	Random	0.71 (-0.38, 1.79)	87.40%	0.202
	Antioxidative stress markers in serum	TAS	7	Random	-1.19 (-2.35, -0.03)	96.80%	0.044
		PON 1	4	Random	-1.01 (-1.78, -0.24)	91.70%	0.010
		ARE	3	Random	-1.32 (-2.78, 0.15)	95.20%	0.078
		CAT	3	Random	0.10 (-0.82, 1.03)	87.00%	0.830
		SOD	7	Random	-0.34 (-1.21, 0.53)	94.50%	0.437
		Thiol	2	Random	-0.75 (-1.78, 0.26)	90.90%	0.154
	Antioxidative stress markers in erythrocytes	CAT	4	Random	0.14 (-0.91, 1.20)	95.20%	0.791
		GPx	5	Random	-0.64 (-1.50, 0.22)	92.70%	0.144
		SOD	3	Random	-1.85 (-5.12, 1.43)	99.10%	0.268
		GR	2	Random	-0.07 (-1.37, 1.24)	90.00%	0.921
Compared with inactive AS patients	Oxidative stress markers in serum of patients with different disease activity	MDA	4	Fixed	0.51 (0.21, 0.81)	0.00%	0.001
		AOPP	2	Fixed	0.95 (0.58, 1.31)	0.00%	<0.001
		NO	2	Fixed	-0.52 (-1.06, 0.02)	0.00%	0.061

Legend: TOS: total oxidant status; MDA: malondialdehyde; NO: nitric oxide; AOPP: advanced oxidation protein products; MPO: myeloperoxidase; TAS: total antioxidant status; SOD: superoxide dismutase; PON1: paraoxonase 1; ARE: arylesterase; CAT: catalase; GPx: glutathione peroxidase; GR: glutathione reductase.