NMR-Based Metabonomic Study Reveals Intervention Effects of Polydatin on Potassium Oxonate-Induced Hyperuricemia in Rats

Table 1

Identification results of differential metabolites associated with hyperuricemia in rats.

Biological matrices	Metabolites	Chemical shift (ppm)^a	VIP^b	M vs. C^c	P vs. M^c	A vs. M^c
Serum	Leucine	0.96(t)	1.9	↓	↑	↑
	Valine	0.99(d), 1.04(d)	1.4	↓	↑	–
	β-Hydroxybutyrate	1.20(d)	7.6	↓	–	–
	Acetate	1.92(s)	1.3	↓	–	–
	Acetone	2.23(s)	2.3	↓	↑	↑
	Acetoacetate	2.28(s)	4.6	↓	–	–
	Glutamine	2.45(m)	1.4	↓	–	–
	Creatine/phosphocreatine	3.04(s)	4.8	↑	–	–
	Phosphocholine	3.21(s)	2.0	↓	↑	↑
	β-Glucose	3.25(dd), 4.65(d)	3.4	↑	↓	↓
	Allantoin	5.40(s)	2.6	↑	–	–
Urine	Succinate	2.41(s)	2.6	↓	–	↑
	Taurine	3.26(t), 3.42(t)	4.0	↓	–	–
	Sarcosine	3.60(s)	2.3	↑	↓	↓
	Creatinine	4.06(s)	4.8	↑	–	↓
	Phenylacetylglycine	3.68(s), 3.76(d), 7.35(m), 7.43(t)	1.1	↓	↑	↑
	Hippurate	3.97(d), 7.56(t), 7.64(t), 7.84(d)	1.4	↓	↑	–

^aLetters in parentheses indicate the peak multiplicities: s: singlet; d: doublet; t: triplet; q: quartet, m: multiplet. ^bVIP was obtained from PLS-DA models (Figures 4(a) and 4(c)). ^c represents , whereas – denotes no statistically significant difference. ↑ indicates a relative increase in the signal, while ↓ indicates a relative decrease in the signal. C: normal control group; M: hyperuricemia model group; P: polydatin-treated group; A: allopurinol-treated group.